Respiratory System

Question 1

Nose

Answer 1

Provides an airway to breathe, serves as a resonating chamber for speech, and houses smell receptors

Question 2

Pharynx

Answer 2

Divided into nasopharynx (air passageway), oropharynx (air & food passageway), and laryngopharynx (air & food passageway)

Question 3

Larynx

Answer 3

Voice box; provides open airway; acts as switching mechanism to route air and food into proper channels

Question 4

Trachea

Answer 4

Located in mediastinum; splits into two bronchi (at the carina) that enter into the lungs; closed by a loose flap at the top called the epiglottis

Question 5

Bronchi

Answer 5

Between trachea and lungs; smallest branches known as bronchioles;

Question 6

ARDS

Answer 6

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome; pulmonary edema that can rapidly lead to death

Question 7

Bronchiolitis

Answer 7

Inflammation of the bronchioles

Question 8

Bronchoscope

Answer 8

Instrument used to examine the bronchi

Question 9

Carina

Answer 9

Projection of the lowest tracheal cartilage where the trachea splits into two bronchi; landmark for endoscopy & bronchoscopy; most sensitive area of the trachea and larynx for triggering cough reflex

Question 10

COPD

Answer 10

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; any group of chronic, progressive, and debilitative respiratory disease; ex. Emphysema, bronchitis, etc.

Question 11

Dyspnea

Answer 11

Difficulty breathing

Question 12

Endotracheal Tube

Answer 12

Tube placed through the mouth into the trachea to help a patient breathe

Question 13

Hemothorax

Answer 13

Presence of blood in the pleural space

Question 14

Hyperpnea

Answer 14

Abnormally rapid or deep breathing

Question 15

Lobectomy

Answer 15

Surgical excision of a lung lobe

Question 16

Orthopnea

Answer 16

Difficulty breathing unless upright or in a straight position

Question 17

Pneumothorax

Answer 17

Collection of air in the chest or pleural cavity

Question 18

Rales

Answer 18

Crackles; abnormal chest sounds heard when air enters small airways or alveoli containing fluid, typically during inspiration

Question 19

Rhinorrhea

Answer 19

Discharge from the nose

Question 20

Rhonchus

Answer 20

Rale or rattling sound in throat or bronchial tube caused by obstruction or inflamed bronchi

Question 21

Tachypnea

Answer 21

Fast or rapid breathing

Question 22

Thoracoscopy

Answer 22

Examination of the pleural cavity through an endoscope

Question 23

Thoracotomy

Answer 23

Incision into the chest wall

Question 24

Thoracocentesis

Answer 24

Removal of fluid from the pleural cavity via surgical puncture; pleural tap

Question 25

Tuberculosis

Answer 25

Highly contagious, chronic bacterial infection usually affecting the lungs

Question 26

Wheeze

Answer 26

Whistling sounds usually caused by air passageway obstruction; common in asthmatics