Respiratory System Flashcards
what is the pharynx
the area at the back of the throat
what is the trachea
tube connecting larynx and pharynx to lungs formed by rings of cartilage
what is the bronchi
main airway leading into each lungs
what is the bronchioles
a tiny branch of air tubes in the lungs connecting bronchi to alveoli
what are the lungs
the main respiratory organs in vertebrates
what is the alveoli
air sacs/ pockets in the lungs where gaseous exchange occurs, has a rich blood supply
what is the larynx
at the top of trachea, allows vocalisation, prevents food going down trachea
what happens in the body when you breath in
Intercostal muscle: they contract
Ribs: move upwards and outwards
Diaphragm: contracts, moves down
Thorax volume: increase
Pressure in thorax: decreases
Air: moves into lungs and down the pressure gradient
what happens in the body when you breath out
Intercostal muscle: relax
Ribs: move downwards and inwards
Diaphragm: relaxes and moves upwards
Thorax volume: decreases
Pressure in thorax: increases
Air: pushed out of lungs
what are avian air sacs
Air sacs hold large amounts of air for ventilation
Allows birds to have a continuous air flow through lungs for increased gas exchange efficiency
Change in volume to create pressure gradient
what is aerobic respiration
This is used when there is surplus oxygen
Use this for long term, very efficient
Takes place in mitochondria
what is the equation for aerobic respiration
glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water
what is anaerobic respiration
Use this short term, not efficient
It is used when there is not enough oxygen for aerobic respiration
Takes place in the cytoplasm of cells
what is the equation for anaerobic respiration
glucose = lactic acid + energy
what is oxygen deficit
change in oxygen uptake from rest to work
