circulatory system Flashcards
name the components of the circulatory system
blood vessels, heart and blood
name the three types of blood vessels
veins, capillaries and arteries
what is the structure and function of the vein
Function - carries deoxygenated blood to the heart
Structure - contains valves to stop blood back flowing. Less elastic tissue than arteries as low blood pressure
what is the structure and function of arteries
Function - carries oxygenated blood to the rest of the body, except the pulmonary artery which carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Structure - Thick layer of elastic tissue in the artery wall for elasticity, strength and blood pressure maintenance
what is the structure and function of capillaries
Function - for tissues and blood to exchange of compounds such as oxygen, glucose, carbon dioxide, nutrients
Structure - very thin walls to allow exchange of compounds
describe what diastole is
relaxation phase, blood pressure is at the lowest
describe what systole is
contraction phase, blood pressure rises
what is cardiac diastole
when the heart/ atrium refills with blood
what is atrial systole
the contraction of the atria
what is ventricular diastole
when the ventricles are relaxed and are filling with blood
what is ventricle systole
as soon as atrial systole is finished, ventricular muscles contract. Tricuspid valves to close and semilunar valves to open.
what are the two arteries in the heart
pulmonary artery (carries deoxygenated blood to lungs)
aorta (carries oxygenated blood to the body
what are the two veins in the heart
vena cava (both inferior and superior, bring deoxygenated blood into the heart)
pulmonary vein (transfer freshly oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atria)
