respiratory system

Question 1

what is the structure of the respiratory system

Answer 1

•mouth/nose
•trachea
•bronchi
•bronchioles
•alveoli

Question 2

what is the process of inspiration and expiration

Answer 2

•inspiration - diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract to move the ribs upwards and out to expand the chest cavity, this decreases air pressure
•expiration - diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax moving the ribs downwards and in decreasing the chest cavity and increasing air pressure, forcing air out

Question 3

how is the process of gaseous exchange simple and efficient

Answer 3

•alveoli are surrounded by capillaries so large blood supply at once
•large surface area - more diffusion at once
•moist, thin walls so gases have less distance to travel
•lots of aveoli

Question 4

what is tidal volume

Answer 4

the amount of air breathed in or out during one breath at rest

Question 5

what is inpiratory reserve volume (IRV)

Answer 5

the amount of extra air breathed in after the inspiration of a normal breath

Question 6

what is the expiratory reserve volume (ERV)

Answer 6

the amount of air left in the lungs after a normal breath out

Question 7

what is residual volume

Answer 7

the amount of air left in the lungs after breathing out as much as possible

Question 8

what happens to breathing when exercising

Answer 8

•tidal volume increases
•breathing rate increases and breathing depth increases