cardiovascular system

Question 1

what are the three main types of blood vessels

Answer 1

•capillaries
•arteries
•veins

Question 2

what is the pathway of blood

Answer 2

•deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium throught the vena cava
•it then moves to the right ventricle
•it’s then transported to the lungs via the pulmonary artery
•this is where gaseous exchange occurs
•it’s then borough back to the left atrium via the pulmonary vein
•then moves into the left ventricle
•and then transported to the body and muscles through the aorta

Question 3

what is diastole and systole

Answer 3

•diastole - the heart relaxes and fills with blood
•systole - heart contracts and pumps blood out

Question 4

what are the properties of arteries

Answer 4

•takes blood away from the heart
•thick muscular walls for high pressure
•have pulses to push blood around the body
•can vasoconstrict and vasodilate

Question 5

what are the properties of veins

Answer 5

•carry blood towards the heart
•valves to prevent back flow of blood
•thinner walls and less muscle than arteries

Question 6

what are the properties of capillaries

Answer 6

•assist in gaseous exchange
•have very thin walls (one cell thick)
•narrow
•large surface area for more gaseous exchange

Question 7

what are the two (main) blood cells

Answer 7

•red blood cells - haemoglobin (oxyhaemoglobin when joined to oxygen) carries oxygen to muscles and carries CO2 to the lungs
•white blood cells - fight against disease to maintain health and performance