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Anatomy 2 > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the respiratory system?

A 
Gas exchange
Regulate Blood pH
Contains smell receptors
Filters inspired air
Produces sounds
Rids body of water/heat in expired air
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2
Q

The cardiovascular system and the respiratory system cooperate to supply ____ and eliminate ____

A

O2

CO2

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3
Q

What are the components of the respiratory system?

A 
Nose
Pharynx (throat)
Larynx (voice box)
Trachea (wind pipe)
Bronchi
Lungs
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4
Q

The upper respiratory system is composed of what parts?

A

Nose
Pharynx
Associated structures

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5
Q

The lower respiratory system is composed of what parts?

A

Larynx
Trachea
Bronchii
Lungs

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6
Q

What are the two functional divisions of the respiratory system?

A

Conduction portion

Respiratory portion

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7
Q

What are the functions of the two functional divisions of the respiratory system?

A

Conducting portion - filter, warm, moisten air and conduct it into lungs. Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles

Respiratory portion - tissues w/in lungs where gas exchange occurs. Respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, alveoli

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8
Q

What is Otorhinolaryngology?

A

Diagnosis and treatment of ears, nose and throat

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9
Q

What is pulmonology?

A

Diagnosis and treatment of disease of the lungs

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10
Q

The external nose is composed of __________ and _________ covered with muscle, skin and lined with a ___________

A

bony framework
hyaline cartilage
mucous membrane

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11
Q

The internal nose lies _______ to the nasal bone and ________ to the mouth

A

inferior

superior

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12
Q

The space within the internal nose is the ____.

A

nasal cavity

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13
Q

The anterior portion just inside the nostrils is called the ________.

A

vestibule

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14
Q

The _________ divides the nasal cavity into right and left sides

A

nasal septum

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15
Q

The _______ divide the nasal septum into groove-like passageways called the superior, middle and inferior meatuses.

A

conchae

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16
Q

The _________ line the superior nasal conchae and adjacent septum.

A

olfactory receptors

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17
Q

Mucous secreted by __________ moistens the air entering the nose and traps dust particles

A

goblet cells

18
Q

____ move the mucous and trapped particles towards the pharynx to be swallowed or spit out

A

Cilia

19
Q

The functions of the pharynx are ________

A

passageway for air and food
resonating chamber for speech sounds
houses the tonsils

20
Q

The anatomical regions of the pharynx are _______

A

nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx

21
Q

The ________ is the superior portion of the pharynx.

A

nasopharynx

22
Q

Pharyngeal tonsils are located in the ________.

A

nasopharynx

23
Q

Palatine and lingual tonsils are located in the __________.

A

Oropharynx

24
Q

The larynx is ________

A

a short passageway that connects the laryngopharynx with the trachea

25
Q

During swallowing, the _______ closes off the glottis (vocal cords) and prevents food from entering the larynx and airways inferior to it.

A

epiglottis

26
Q

What is cricoid cartilage?

A

A ring of cartilage that forms the inferior wall of the larynx

27
Q

The mucous membrane of the larynx forms two pairs of folds- ________ and ________

A

ventricular folds

vocal folds

28
Q

The _______ is anterior to the esophagus and extends from the larynx to the superior border of the 5th thoracic vertebra where it branches to form bronchi.

A

Trachea

29
Q

What are the layers of the trachea?

A

Mucosa
Submucosa
Hyaline cartilage
Adventitia

30
Q

A tracheostomy is _______

A

an operation to make an opening into the trachea

31
Q

The bronchi are _____

A

air passageways connecting the trachea to the lungs

32
Q

The ridge where the trachea branches into the right and left bronchi is the _________

A

carina

33
Q

Bronchi branch into tertiary bronchi and eventually _____

A

bronchioles

34
Q

The two layers of the pleural membrane of the lung are _______ and ________

A

Visceral pleura

Parietal pleura

35
Q

The pleural cavity is filled with ________

A

Serous fluid

36
Q

________ or _________ is an inflammation of the pleural membrane

A

Pleurisy

Pleuritis

37
Q

The lungs are divided into lobes by _______

A

fissures

38
Q

The right lung has __ lobes while the left lung has ___ lobes

A

3

2

39
Q

Terminal bronchioles are called __________, which are subdivided into ___________.

A

respiratory bronchioles

alveolar ducts

40
Q

An _______ is a cup-shaped outpouching lined by simple squamous epithelium

A

alveolus

41
Q

Type I alveolar cells provide ________ while Type II alveolar cells ________.

A

structure

secrete surfactant to lower suface tension of alveolar fluid

42
Q

The alveolar walls and capillary walls form the ________

A

respiratory membrane

Anatomy 2 (13 decks)

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