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Biology > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

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1
Q

What are 2 major functions of the respiratory system?

A

1) Taking in oxygen for your body’s cells to use
2) Removing carbon dioxide from the body

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2
Q

What is the trachea?

A

Main airway to lungs

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3
Q

What is the pharynx?

A

The throat

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4
Q

Where does oxygen enter the bloodstream?

A

Alveoli

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5
Q

What is the larynx?

A

Voice box

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6
Q

What is the epiglottis?

A

A flap over the larynx to block food from entering the trachea

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7
Q

What are alveoli?

A

Tiny air sacs in the lungs

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8
Q

Where is the trachea located?

A

Below the larynx, connecting to the bronchi

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9
Q

Where is the pharynx located?

A

From the nasal and oral cavities to the larynx. Back of the mouth

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10
Q

Where is the larynx located?

A

Between the pharynx and windpipe

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11
Q

Where are the lungs located?

A

In the thoracic cavity

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12
Q

Where are bronchi located?

A

In the lungs

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13
Q

Where are alveoli located?

A

At the end of bronchioles

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14
Q

Where are cillia and what is their function?

A

Cillia are in the trachea of non-smokers and they sweep mucus and debris to the pharynx to be swallowed

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15
Q

What is the function of the pharynx?

A

Carries air, food, and fluid down from the nose and mouth

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16
Q

What is the function of the larynx?

A

Voice, and contains epiglottis to stop food from entering windpipe

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17
Q

What is the function of the lungs?

A

Gas exchange

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18
Q

What is the function of bronchi?

A

Bring air in and out of lungs

19
Q

What is the function of the alveoli?

A

The site of gas exchange between blood and the atmosphere

20
Q

What does the diaphragm do when you inhale?

A

Contracts and moves downwards

21
Q

What does the rib cage do when you inhale?

A

Move upwards and outwards

22
Q

What part of ventilation requires ATP?

A

Inhalation

23
Q

What does the diaphragm do when you exhale?

A

Relaxes, and moves upwards

24
Q

What does the rib cage do when you exhale?

A

Moves downwards and inwards

25
Q

What part of ventilation does NOT require ATP?

A

Exhalation

26
Q

Air pressure inside the lungs INCREASES when you…

A

Exhale

27
Q

Air pressure inside the lungs DECREASES when you…

A

Inhale

28
Q

What divides the nasal cavity?

A

The septum

29
Q

What gases are exchanged in the lungs?

A

Oxygen and carbon dioxide

30
Q

How does carbon dioxide bind to hemoglobin, in comparison to oxygen?

A

It binds 250x stronger and is irreversible

31
Q

How does carbon dioxide bind to hemoglobin, in comparison to oxygen?

A

It binds 250x stronger and is irreversible

32
Q

What is the diaphragm?

A

A skeletal muscle that separates the lungs from the abdominal cavity

33
Q

Where is the diaphragm located?

A

Below the lungs

34
Q

What structures make up the upper respiratory tract?

A

The nares, septum, nasal cavities, and pharynx

35
Q

What structures make up the lower respiratory tract?

A

The trachea, the bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli

36
Q

How many lobes are in either lung?

A

The right lung has 3 lungs, and the left lung has 2 lobes

37
Q

Why does the left lung have fewer lobes than the right?

A

To make space for the heart, which tilts leftwards

38
Q

What surrounds alveoli?

A

Blood capillaries

39
Q

What are the 2 ways breathing is controlled?

A

Nervous and chemical

40
Q

What is external respiration?

A

Gas exchange between the air and blood

41
Q

What is internal respiration?

A

Gas exchange between the blood and tissue cells

42
Q

Where does external respiration occur?

A

The pulmonary circuit

43
Q

Where does internal respiration occur?

A

The systemic circuit

Biology (22 decks)

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