Bio Intro Flashcards

1
Q

What does structure determine?

A

The function

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2
Q

How are our bodies organized? (Hierarchy)

A

Atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and organisms

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3
Q

What parts of the hierarchy of the body are nonliving?

A

Atoms and molecules

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4
Q

What parts of the hierarchy of the body are living?

A

Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and the organism

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5
Q

What is the cell?

A

The basic unit of life

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6
Q

What are emergent properties?

A

When every new level of organization has characteristics that were not present in the prior level

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7
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

The ability to maintain a relatively constant internal environment in the body despite outside changes

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8
Q

What 2 systems are key to homeostasis?

A

The nervous and endocrine systems

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9
Q

What is a stimulus?

A

A sensor that monitors a variable

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10
Q

What does a control center do?

A

It knows a set-point, interprets input, makes a decision, and sends a command

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11
Q

What is a response?

A

An effector that changes a variable

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12
Q

What is a negative feedback loop?

A

A response that counter-acts a stimulus

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13
Q

What is a positive feedback loop?

A

A response that reinforces a stimulus

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14
Q

What are 3 general nervous system functions?

A

Control center for homeostasis, direct movement of the body, and communication between body parts

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15
Q

What is the main function of the endocrine system?

A

Regulating homeostasis by producing hormones

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16
Q

What are 4 main functions of the skeletal system?

A

Framework for the body, move the body (with muscles), protect organs, and store minerals

17
Q

What is the function of skeletal muscle in the muscular system?

A

Regulate body temperature, and move bones

18
Q

What is the function of cardiac muscle in the muscular system?

A

Move the heart

19
Q

What is the function of smooth muscle in the muscular system?

A

Moves hollow organs

20
Q

What are 2 main functions of the digestive system?

A

Break down food and absorb nutrients

21
Q

What are 2 main functions of the respiratory system?

A

Allows gas exchange with the environment, and helps regulate blood pH

22
Q

What does the cardiovascular system transport, and where?

A

Oxygen and nutrients to the tissues of the body, and carbon dioxide and nitrogen waste away from the tissues

23
Q

What does the cardiovascular system help regulate?

A

Fluid balance in tissues, and body temperature

24
Q

What is the main function of the urinary system?

A

Filter blood, removing nitrogen-containing wastes

25
What does the urinary system help regulate?
Blood pH and blood volume
26
What is the main function of the immune system?
Protect against pathogens
27
What are 3 main functions of the lymphatic system?
Protect against pathogens, maintain fluid balance, and absorb & transport fats
28
What are 3 main functions of the integumentary system?
Protect the body from the outside world, eliminate metabolic waste, and regulate body temperature
29
What is the function of the reproductive system, and how many types are there?
2 types of reproductive systems, which both function to produce offspring