Digestive System (note - go back into notes and finish the extra stuff to know) Flashcards
What are the main functions of the digestive system?
Digestion and absorption of nutrients
What are the 2 types of digestion?
Mechanical and chemical breakdown of food
What are 3 functions of the large intestine?
Absorbing water, absorbing vitamins, and forming and ridding the body of feces
What type of digestion begins in the mouth?
Mechanical
What structure allows for food and air to pass through?
The pharynx
In what order does food pass through your body?
Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus
What are 2 main roles of the liver?
Make plasma proteins and cholesterol, and make bile salts
Where is food emulsified by bile?
The small intestine
What is pepsin?
An enzyme that breaks down proteins
How is food able to move through the digestive tract?
Propulsion
What are the 2 phases of swallowing?
Voluntary and involuntary
What is peristalsis?
Involuntary rhythmic contractions leading down to the stomach
Where does most of the digestive process occur?
In the small intestine
What is chyme?
A semi-fluid paste of food particles mixed with gastric juice, formed by peristalsis
What is bile?
A liquid that emulsifies fats
Where is bile found?
The small intestine
Where is bile produced?
In the liver
What secretes bile?
The gallbladder
What are the names of the wrinkles in the stomach?
Rugae
What does the stomach absorb?
Alcohol, caffeine, some drugs, and some vitamins
Is the large or the small intestine wider?
The large intestine is wider
What is lipase?
A pancreatic enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of fats to fatty acids or glycerol
Where is the pharynx?
Connecting to the nasal and oral cavities, it is above the esophagus
Where is the esophagus?
Connecting to the pharynx, it is the “throat”
