Endocrine System (go back and add slides 1-37) Flashcards
What is prolactin (PRL)?
An anterior pituitary gland hormone that stimulates mammary glands to produce milk after childbirth
What is melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)?
An anterior pituitary gland hormone that regulates melanin production in the skin
What is growth hormone (GH)?
An anterior pituitary gland hormone that acts on muscular and connective tissues to promote skeletal and muscular growth
What is acromegaly?
Overproduction of growth hormone as an adult. Results in larger feet, hands, and face
slides 44 and 45
come back later
What is thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?
An anterior pituitary gland which is activated by the TRH, and stimulates the thyroid gland to make more thyroid hormones
What is adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?
An anterior pituitary gland which is activated by the CRH and stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce cortisol
What are the 2 gonadotropin hormones?
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)
What do the gonadotropin hormones do?
They are activated by the GnRH from hypothalamus, and stimulate gonads to produce sex cells and hormones
What is the thyroid gland?
A gland that produces T3 and T4 with the help of iodine
What do T3 and T4 do?
Increase the rate at which all cells release energy from carbs
What is the parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
A hormone found in the parathyroid which increases blood calcium and stimulates bone breakdown
What are the 2 parts of the adrenal glands?
Adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex
What controls the adrenal medulla?
The autonomic nervous system
What controls the adrenal cortex?
ACTH from anterior pituitary
What controls the adrenal cortex?
ACTH from anterior pituitar
What does the adrenal cortex do?
Produces glucocorticoids (including cortisol and cortisone), it is part of a long-term response to stress, regulates carb, protein, and fat metabolism, and suppresses inflammatory response
What does the adrenal cortex do? FIX THIS Q
Produces glucocorticoids (including cortisol and cortisone), it is part of a long-term response to stress, regulates carb, protein, and fat metabolism, and suppresses inflammatory respons
What is produced by the adrenal cortex?
Mineralcorticoids, which regulate salt and water balance, and sex steroids (androgens and estrogens)
What is produced by the adrenal medulla?
Epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine that allow short-term response to stress
What are testes and what do they produce?
Male gonads which produce androgens
What are 4 functions of androgens?
Stimulate growth of penis and testes, responsible for male secondary sex characteristics, prompt larynx and vocal cords to enlarge (resulting in lower voice), and increases muscular strength
What are ovaries and what do they produce?
Gonads in females, and they produce estrogen and progesterone
What are 3 functions of estrogen/progesterone?
Stimulate growth of vagina and uterus, responsible for secondary sex characteristics, and regulate uterine cycle
