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Biology > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Flashcards

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1
Q

What artery carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart?

A

The pulmonary artery

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2
Q

What is another name for bicuspid valve?

A

Mitral valve or left atrioventricular valve

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3
Q

In what order does a RBC pass through the chambers of the heart?

A

Right atrium -> right ventricle -> left atrium -> left ventricle

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4
Q

What are some formed elements of blood?

A

Erythrocytes (RBCs), leukocytes (WBCs), and platelets

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5
Q

What are NOT formed elements of blood?

A

Antibodies

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6
Q

What type of blood vessel has a one-way valve?

A

Veins

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7
Q

What is a valve and what does it do?

A

A flap in veins that prevents backwards flow of blood

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8
Q

What are the layers of the heart, from outermost to innermost?

A

Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

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9
Q

What is the function of arteries?

A

Carry blood away from the heart

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10
Q

What is the function of arterioles?

A

Small arteries

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11
Q

What is the function of capillaries?

A

Location where blood exchanges nutrients, wastes, and gases with tissue

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12
Q

What is the function of venules?

A

Drains blood from capillaries and joins to form veins

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13
Q

What is the function of veins?

A

Carry blood towards the heart

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14
Q

What is a cardiac cycle?

A

The beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next

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15
Q

What layer of the heart is the thickest?

A

Myocardium

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16
Q

What layer of the heart is the thinnest?

A

Endocardium

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17
Q

When the body is infected, what type of blood cell increases?

A

White blood cells (leukocytes)

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18
Q

What type of blood cell is most numerous in the body?

A

Red blood cells (erythrocytes)

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19
Q

What would a microscopic image of a blood cell look like?

A

The platelets would be tiny, RBCs would be circles, and WBCs would be a different shape with a sort of translucent layer

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20
Q

What is lymph?

A

A fluid formed from excess tissue fluid

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21
Q

Do lymphatic vessels have valves?

A

Yes

22
Q

What divides the heart into 2 separate pumping systems?

A

The septum

23
Q

What is the purpose of heartstrings?

A

They hold the atrioventricular valves in place for the heart to pump blood

24
Q

What are circuits of blood?

A

Transportation loops linked by capillaries

25
Q

Where does the pulmonary circuit bring blood?

A

From the heart, to the lungs, and back

26
Q

Where does the systemic circuit bring blood?

A

From the heart, to the rest of the body, and back

27
Q

What is the lifespan of a red blood cell?

A

About 110-120 days

28
Q

What causes a heart murmur?

A

Leaky atrioventricular and semilunar valves

29
Q

When the apex is pointing right, where is the right atrium?

A

Top left

30
Q

When the apex is pointing right, where is the right ventricle?

A

Bottom left

31
Q

When the apex is pointing right, where is the left atrium?

A

Top right

32
Q

When the apex is pointing right, where is the left ventricle?

A

Bottom right

33
Q

What is systolic pressure?

A

It is higher, and occurs when the heart ejects the blood

34
Q

What is diastolic pressure?

A

It is lower, and occurs when the heart ventricles are relaxing

35
Q

In what type of blood vessel does blood run the quickest?

A

In the aorta/arteries

36
Q

What do valves in veins look like?

A

Little moons on either side of a vein’s inner walls

37
Q

In what type of blood vessel is blood pressure the highest?

A

Large arteries

38
Q

What is the term for the upper chambers of the heart?

A

Atria

39
Q

What is the term for lower chambers of the heart?

A

Ventricles

40
Q

Which artery takes blood from the ventricles to the lungs?

A

The main pulmonary artery

41
Q

How does oxygen rich blood get pumped to different parts of the body?

A

The heart

42
Q

What causes a heartbeat?

A

The sinus node sends electrical signals to make the heart muscles contract

43
Q

What is the largest vein in the body?

A

The vena cava

44
Q

What are 4 functions of plasma?

A

Help your body recover from injury, distribute nutrients, remove waste, and prevent infection

45
Q

What is a lymphocyte?

A

A type of WBC that fights bacteria

46
Q

What is a phagocyte?

A

A type of WBC that engulfs and kills foreign cells

47
Q

What is an erythrocyte?

A

A red blood cell that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide

48
Q

What is the function of platelets?

A

Clump together to form a clot and stop bleeding

49
Q

Do red blood cells have a nucleus when they are mature?

A

No

50
Q

What type of blood cell has the red pigment hemoglobin?

A

Red blood cells (erythrocytes)

Biology (22 decks)

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