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Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

What artery carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart?

A

The pulmonary artery

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2
Q

What is another name for bicuspid valve?

A

Mitral valve or left atrioventricular valve

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3
Q

In what order does a RBC pass through the chambers of the heart?

A

Right atrium -> right ventricle -> left atrium -> left ventricle

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4
Q

What are some formed elements of blood?

A

Erythrocytes (RBCs), leukocytes (WBCs), and platelets

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5
Q

What are NOT formed elements of blood?

A

Antibodies

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6
Q

What type of blood vessel has a one-way valve?

A

Veins

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7
Q

What is a valve and what does it do?

A

A flap in veins that prevents backwards flow of blood

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8
Q

What are the layers of the heart, from outermost to innermost?

A

Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

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9
Q

What is the function of arteries?

A

Carry blood away from the heart

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10
Q

What is the function of arterioles?

A

Small arteries

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11
Q

What is the function of capillaries?

A

Location where blood exchanges nutrients, wastes, and gases with tissue

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12
Q

What is the function of venules?

A

Drains blood from capillaries and joins to form veins

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13
Q

What is the function of veins?

A

Carry blood towards the heart

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14
Q

What is a cardiac cycle?

A

The beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next

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15
Q

What layer of the heart is the thickest?

A

Myocardium

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16
Q

What layer of the heart is the thinnest?

A

Endocardium

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17
Q

When the body is infected, what type of blood cell increases?

A

White blood cells (leukocytes)

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18
Q

What type of blood cell is most numerous in the body?

A

Red blood cells (erythrocytes)

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19
Q

What would a microscopic image of a blood cell look like?

A

The platelets would be tiny, RBCs would be circles, and WBCs would be a different shape with a sort of translucent layer

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20
Q

What is lymph?

A

A fluid formed from excess tissue fluid

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21
Q

Do lymphatic vessels have valves?

22
Q

What divides the heart into 2 separate pumping systems?

A

The septum

23
Q

What is the purpose of heartstrings?

A

They hold the atrioventricular valves in place for the heart to pump blood

24
Q

What are circuits of blood?

A

Transportation loops linked by capillaries

25
Where does the pulmonary circuit bring blood?
From the heart, to the lungs, and back
26
Where does the systemic circuit bring blood?
From the heart, to the rest of the body, and back
27
What is the lifespan of a red blood cell?
About 110-120 days
28
What causes a heart murmur?
Leaky atrioventricular and semilunar valves
29
When the apex is pointing right, where is the right atrium?
Top left
30
When the apex is pointing right, where is the right ventricle?
Bottom left
31
When the apex is pointing right, where is the left atrium?
Top right
32
When the apex is pointing right, where is the left ventricle?
Bottom right
33
What is systolic pressure?
It is higher, and occurs when the heart ejects the blood
34
What is diastolic pressure?
It is lower, and occurs when the heart ventricles are relaxing
35
In what type of blood vessel does blood run the quickest?
In the aorta/arteries
36
What do valves in veins look like?
Little moons on either side of a vein's inner walls
37
In what type of blood vessel is blood pressure the highest?
Large arteries
38
What is the term for the upper chambers of the heart?
Atria
39
What is the term for lower chambers of the heart?
Ventricles
40
Which artery takes blood from the ventricles to the lungs?
The main pulmonary artery
41
How does oxygen rich blood get pumped to different parts of the body?
The heart
42
What causes a heartbeat?
The sinus node sends electrical signals to make the heart muscles contract
43
What is the largest vein in the body?
The vena cava
44
What are 4 functions of plasma?
Help your body recover from injury, distribute nutrients, remove waste, and prevent infection
45
What is a lymphocyte?
A type of WBC that fights bacteria
46
What is a phagocyte?
A type of WBC that engulfs and kills foreign cells
47
What is an erythrocyte?
A red blood cell that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide
48
What is the function of platelets?
Clump together to form a clot and stop bleeding
49
Do red blood cells have a nucleus when they are mature?
No
50
What type of blood cell has the red pigment hemoglobin?
Red blood cells (erythrocytes)

Biology (22 decks)

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