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PE > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

How much Nitrogen is Inspired and Exspired?

A

Inspired - 78%

Expired - 78%

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2
Q

How much Oxygen is Inspired and Expired?

A

Inspired - 21%

Expired - 16%

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3
Q

How much Carbon Dioxide is Inspired and Expired?

A

Inspired - 0.04%

Expired - 4%

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4
Q

What is Oxygen used for?

A

Energy production and for recovery

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5
Q

What is Carbon Dioxide?

A

A waste product of energy production, so there is more carbon dioxide to breath out
(by-product of aerobic energy production)

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6
Q

Does the body use Nitrogen for Energy Production?

A

No :0

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7
Q

What is Respiration Rate?

A

The number of times you breath in one minute

Lowest rates are found during sleep, or at rest

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8
Q

What is Tidal Volume?

A

The volume of air you breath in and out with each breath

It’s larger during exercise

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9
Q

What is Vital Capacity?

A

The maximum amount of of air you can breath out after breathing in as much air as possible

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10
Q

What is Residual Volume?

A

The air left in the lungs after you have breathed out as hard as possible

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11
Q

What is VO2 Max?

A

The maximum amount of oxygen your body can take and use in one minute

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12
Q

What do the Lungs do?

A

They allow air to be moved in and out of the body

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13
Q

What do the Bronchi do?

A

Air travels to each lung via a bronchus

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14
Q

What do the Bronchioles do?

A

Branch out throughout the lungs and carry the air from the bronchi to the alveoli

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15
Q

What does the Diaphragm do?

A

A domed sheet of muscle that helps us breath in and out

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16
Q

What do the Alveoli do?

A

Tiny air sacs that allow the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

17
Q

What happens when we Inhale?

A
  • Intercostal Muscles contract
  • Pulls the ribcage up and out
  • Diaphragm contracts, causing it to flatten
  • Chest cavity gets larger causing pressure decrease
18
Q

What happens when you Exhale?

A
  • Intercostal muscles relax
  • Rib cage returns to normal (down and in)
  • Diaphragm relaxes, pushing it up
  • Chest cavity gets smaller, causing pressure to increase
19
Q

What is the Structure of the Alveoli?

A
  • Tiny air sacs
  • Very thin walls
  • Surrounded by capillaries
  • Large Surface Area
  • Moist Area
20
Q

What happens during Gas Exchange?

A

Gases move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration

21
Q

What happens if there is more Oxygen in the Alveoli than the Capillaries?

A

Oxygen will move into the capillaries

22
Q

Explain Gas Exchange from Alveoli to Capillaries

A
  • Alveoli have a high pressure of oxygen and the capillaries surrounding the alveoli have a low pressure of oxygen
  • Oxygen moves from the alveoli to the capillaries
23
Q

Explain Gas Exchange from Capillaries to Alveoli

A
  • Capillaries surrounding the alveoli have a high pressure of carbon dioxide and the alveoli have a low pressure of carbon dioxide
  • Carbon dioxide moves from the blood (capillaries) into the alveoli
24
Q

What happens to our Breathing when our Body is at Rest?

A

Breathing is low and shallow

25
Q

What happens to the Demand for Oxygen during Exercise and what is Oxygen needed for?

A
  • The demand for oxygen increases

- For energy production

26
Q

What happens to Breathing to meet the Demand of Oxygen during Exercise?

A

It increases in depth and rate

27
Q

What happens to the Tidal Volume during Exercise?

A

It increases

28
Q

What are the Short Term Effects of Exercise?

A
  • Breathing Rate Increases
  • Depth of Breathing Increases
  • Oxygen Debt
29
Q

Explain Breathing Rate Increasing

A
  • Working muscles need more oxygen for energy production

- More carbon dioxide is produced as a waste product, so it needs to be removed

30
Q

Explain Depth of Breathing Increasing

A
  • Repay ‘oxygen debt’

- We use more oxygen exercising than we take in, creating an oxygen debt

31
Q

What are the Long Term Effects of Exercise?

A
  • Increased Lung Volume and Vital Capacity
  • Increased Number of Alveoli
  • Stronger Intercostal Muscles and Diaphragm
32
Q

Explain Increased Lung Volume and Vital Capacity

A
  • Lungs will be more efficient
  • More oxygen is delivered
  • More energy produced to cope with exercise
  • Carbon dioxide removed more efficiently
33
Q

Explain Increased Number of Alveoli

A
  • More alveoli in lungs
  • Increased rate of gaseous exchange
  • More oxygen delivered to muscles
  • More carbon dioxide is removes
  • Increase in VO2 max (amount of oxygen athletes can consume during exercise)
34
Q

Explain Stronger Intercostal Muscles and Diaphragm

A
  • Air flow can be increased
  • More oxygen is delivered to working muscles
  • More carbon dioxide is removed
35
Q

What’s the Aerobic Equation?

A

Glucose + 02 —> CO2 + H20 + Heat + Energy

36
Q

What is the Anaerobic Equation?

A

Glucose —> Lactic Acid + Energy

PE (10 decks)

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