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Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

How much Nitrogen is Inspired and Exspired?

A

Inspired - 78%

Expired - 78%

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2
Q

How much Oxygen is Inspired and Expired?

A

Inspired - 21%

Expired - 16%

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3
Q

How much Carbon Dioxide is Inspired and Expired?

A

Inspired - 0.04%

Expired - 4%

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4
Q

What is Oxygen used for?

A

Energy production and for recovery

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5
Q

What is Carbon Dioxide?

A

A waste product of energy production, so there is more carbon dioxide to breath out
(by-product of aerobic energy production)

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6
Q

Does the body use Nitrogen for Energy Production?

A

No :0

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7
Q

What is Respiration Rate?

A

The number of times you breath in one minute

Lowest rates are found during sleep, or at rest

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8
Q

What is Tidal Volume?

A

The volume of air you breath in and out with each breath

It’s larger during exercise

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9
Q

What is Vital Capacity?

A

The maximum amount of of air you can breath out after breathing in as much air as possible

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10
Q

What is Residual Volume?

A

The air left in the lungs after you have breathed out as hard as possible

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11
Q

What is VO2 Max?

A

The maximum amount of oxygen your body can take and use in one minute

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12
Q

What do the Lungs do?

A

They allow air to be moved in and out of the body

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13
Q

What do the Bronchi do?

A

Air travels to each lung via a bronchus

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14
Q

What do the Bronchioles do?

A

Branch out throughout the lungs and carry the air from the bronchi to the alveoli

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15
Q

What does the Diaphragm do?

A

A domed sheet of muscle that helps us breath in and out

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16
Q

What do the Alveoli do?

A

Tiny air sacs that allow the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

17
Q

What happens when we Inhale?

A
  • Intercostal Muscles contract
  • Pulls the ribcage up and out
  • Diaphragm contracts, causing it to flatten
  • Chest cavity gets larger causing pressure decrease
18
Q

What happens when you Exhale?

A
  • Intercostal muscles relax
  • Rib cage returns to normal (down and in)
  • Diaphragm relaxes, pushing it up
  • Chest cavity gets smaller, causing pressure to increase
19
Q

What is the Structure of the Alveoli?

A
  • Tiny air sacs
  • Very thin walls
  • Surrounded by capillaries
  • Large Surface Area
  • Moist Area
20
Q

What happens during Gas Exchange?

A

Gases move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration

21
Q

What happens if there is more Oxygen in the Alveoli than the Capillaries?

A

Oxygen will move into the capillaries

22
Q

Explain Gas Exchange from Alveoli to Capillaries

A
  • Alveoli have a high pressure of oxygen and the capillaries surrounding the alveoli have a low pressure of oxygen
  • Oxygen moves from the alveoli to the capillaries
23
Q

Explain Gas Exchange from Capillaries to Alveoli

A
  • Capillaries surrounding the alveoli have a high pressure of carbon dioxide and the alveoli have a low pressure of carbon dioxide
  • Carbon dioxide moves from the blood (capillaries) into the alveoli
24
Q

What happens to our Breathing when our Body is at Rest?

A

Breathing is low and shallow

25
What happens to the Demand for Oxygen during Exercise and what is Oxygen needed for?
- The demand for oxygen increases | - For energy production
26
What happens to Breathing to meet the Demand of Oxygen during Exercise?
It increases in depth and rate
27
What happens to the Tidal Volume during Exercise?
It increases
28
What are the Short Term Effects of Exercise?
- Breathing Rate Increases - Depth of Breathing Increases - Oxygen Debt
29
Explain Breathing Rate Increasing
- Working muscles need more oxygen for energy production | - More carbon dioxide is produced as a waste product, so it needs to be removed
30
Explain Depth of Breathing Increasing
- Repay 'oxygen debt' | - We use more oxygen exercising than we take in, creating an oxygen debt
31
What are the Long Term Effects of Exercise?
- Increased Lung Volume and Vital Capacity - Increased Number of Alveoli - Stronger Intercostal Muscles and Diaphragm
32
Explain Increased Lung Volume and Vital Capacity
- Lungs will be more efficient - More oxygen is delivered - More energy produced to cope with exercise - Carbon dioxide removed more efficiently
33
Explain Increased Number of Alveoli
- More alveoli in lungs - Increased rate of gaseous exchange - More oxygen delivered to muscles - More carbon dioxide is removes - Increase in VO2 max (amount of oxygen athletes can consume during exercise)
34
Explain Stronger Intercostal Muscles and Diaphragm
- Air flow can be increased - More oxygen is delivered to working muscles - More carbon dioxide is removed
35
What's the Aerobic Equation?
Glucose + 02 ---> CO2 + H20 + Heat + Energy
36
What is the Anaerobic Equation?
Glucose ---> Lactic Acid + Energy

PE (10 decks)

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