Respiratory System

Question 1

Primary Functions

Answer 1

To provide oxygen to body tissues for cellular respiration
Remove the waste product carbon dioxide
Help to maintain acid-base balance

Question 2

Secondary Functions

Answer 2

Sensing odors
Speech production
Straining (during childbirth or coughing)

Question 3

Conducting Zones

Answer 3

Moves air in/out of lungs

Question 4

Respiratory Zone

Answer 4

Moves gases in/out of the blood

Question 5

Nose

Answer 5

The major entrance and exit for the respiratory system

Question 6

Pharynx

Answer 6

The human pharynx is the part of the throat situated immediately posterior to the mouth and nasal cavity, and superior to the esophagus and larynx

Question 7

Larnynx

Answer 7

The larynx is the cartilaginous structure that connects the pharynx to the trachea and helps regulate the volume of air that enters and leaves the lungs. The larynx is also involved in sound production and protecting the trachea against food aspiration.

Question 8

Trachea

Answer 8

The trachea (windpipe) is a tube that connects the pharynx or larynx to the lungs, allowing the passage of air

Question 9

Alveolar Duct

Answer 9

An alveolar duct is a tube composed of smooth muscle and connective tissue, which opens into a cluster of alveoli

Question 10

Aveolus

Answer 10

An alveolus is one of the many small, grape-like sacs that are attached to the alveolar ducts

Question 11

Alveolar Sac

Answer 11

An alveolar sac is a cluster of many individual alveoli that are responsible for gas exchange

Question 12

Boyle’s Law Formula

Answer 12

p1V1 = p2V2
pV=k
p=k/V

Question 13

Boyle’s Law Test Explanation

Answer 13

Pressure and volume are inversely related

Question 14

Inspiration

Answer 14

air enters the body and the thoracic cavity expands, external intercostal muscles contract, diaphragm contracts

Question 15

Experation

Answer 15

air enters the body and the thoracic cavity reduces, external intercostal muscles relax, diaphragm relaxes

Question 16

Medulla Oblongata

Answer 16

The control center that tells us to breathe

Question 17

Eupnea

Answer 17

Quiet breathing, also known as eupnea, is a mode of breathing that occurs at rest and does not require the cognitive thought of the individual. During quiet breathing, the diaphragm and external intercostals must contract

Question 18

Diaphragmatic breathing

Answer 18

A deep breath, called diaphragmatic breathing, requires the diaphragm to contract. As the diaphragm relaxes, air passively leaves the lungs

Question 19

Hyperpnea

Answer 19

forced breathing, also known as hyperpnea, is a mode of breathing that can occur during exercise or actions that require the active manipulation of breathing, such as singing. During forced breathing, inspiration and expiration both occur due to muscle contractions

Question 20

Diaphragm

Answer 20

This is the main breathing muscle. A signal is sent from the brain, and the diaphragm contracts and flattens, thereby increasing the space in the thoracic cavity. The increase in volume in the thoracic cavity causes a decrease in pressure in the thoracic cavity that is transmitted to the lungs

Question 21

Atelectasis

Answer 21

A condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are either partially or totally collapsed.

Question 22

Pneumonia

Answer 22

Pneumonia is a lung infection that can be caused by either viruses, fungi, protists, or bacteria

Question 23

Asthma

Answer 23

Asthma is a potentially life-threatening lung condition in which the body reacts to an allergy by causing constriction of the airways of the lungs, known as bronchospasm

Question 24

Emphysema

Answer 24

Emphysema is a nonreversible lung condition in which the alveolar air sacs are destroyed and the lung itself becomes “floppy”

Question 25

Chronic Bronchitis

Answer 25

Chronic bronchitis is a lung disease in which there are inflamed airways and large amounts of sputum are being produced

Question 26

Pneumothorax

Answer 26

A pneumothorax is a condition in which there is air inside the thoracic cavity and outside the lungs

Question 27

Tuberculosis

Answer 27

Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection that thrives in areas of the body that have high oxygen content such as the lung