Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Arteries
Vessels that carry blood away from the heart
Blood Vessels
channels that carry blood throughout your body
Capillaries
Tiny vessels that branch off from arteries to deliver blood to all body tissues
Deoxygenated Blood
body → right chambers of the heart → lung
Heart
A muscular pump that forces blood around the body
Oxygen
Cardiovascular system pumps blood filled with oxygen through the body
Oxygenated Blood
lung → left chambers of the heart → body
Pulmonary Circulation
between the heart and lungs, transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs to get oxygen, and then back to the heart
Systemic Ciculation
carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the tissues and cells, and then back to the heart
Veins
Vessels that bring blood back to the heart
Size of Heart
size of a fist and shaped like an upside-down pear
How many chambers does the heart have?
4
Location of Heart
located in the mediastinum in the center of the chest cavity
Apex
The tip of the heart at the lower edge
Endocardium
the inner layer of the heart lining the heart chambers, a very smooth, thin layer that serves to reduce friction as the blood passes through the heart chambers
Myocardium
thick, muscular middle layer of the heart, Contraction of this muscle layer develops the pressure required to pump blood through the blood vessels
Pericardium
The heart is enclosed within a double-layered pleural sac, called the pericardium
Atria
the receiving chambers of the heart. Blood returning to the heart via veins first collects in the atria.
Ventricles
the pumping chambers. They have a much thicker myocardium and their contraction ejects blood out of the heart and into the great arteries.
Tricuspid Valve
an atrioventricular valve (AV), meaning that it controls the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle. Once the blood enters the right ventricle, it cannot go back up into the atrium again. This valve has three (tri) leaflets or cusps
Pulmonary Valve
a semilunar valve, with the prefix semi- meaning half and the term lunar meaning moon, indicate that this valve looks like a half moon. Located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, this valve prevents blood that has been ejected into the pulmonary artery from returning to the right ventricle as it relaxes.
Mitral Valve
also called the bicuspid valve, indicating that it has two cusps. Blood flows through this atrioventricular valve to the left ventricle and cannot go back up into the left atrium
Aortic Valve
a semilunar valve located between the left ventricle and the aorta. Blood leaves the left ventricle through this valve and cannot return to the left ventricle
Blood Pressure
a measurement of the force exerted by blood against the wall of a blood vessel
Pulse
felt at the wrist or throat is the surge of blood caused by the heart contraction
