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3B-Victoria Scott > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

Main Organs

A

Hair, Skin, Nails

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2
Q

Protection

A

Protects against harmful substances and water loss

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3
Q

Sensory Function

A

Senses the environment around you

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4
Q

Thermoregulation

A

Helps regulate body temperature by sweating and goosebumps

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5
Q

Vitamin D Synthesis

A

Vitamin D is synthesized when skin is exposed to UV radiation. Vitamin D helps absorption of calcium and phosphorus, which are used to make healthy bones.

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6
Q

Keratinocyte

A

A cell that manufactures and stores keratin

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7
Q

Keratin

A

A protein that gives hair, nails, and skin their hardness and water-resistant properties

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8
Q

Thick Skin

A
  1. S Corneum, 2. S Lucidum, 3. S Granulosum, 4. S Spinosum, 5. S Basale
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9
Q

Thin Skin*

A
  1. S Corneum, 3. S Granulosum, 4. S Spinosum, 5. S Basale *only found on palms and soles
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10
Q

Epidermis

A

1st layer of skin made up of 5 layers (stratums) and thick and thin skin

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11
Q

Dermis

A

2nd layer of skin that has blood and lymph vessels, nerves, hair follicles, and sweat glands. Made up of the papillary layer and reticular layer

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12
Q

Hypodermis

A

3rd layer of skin used to connect skin to bones and muscles. Contains fat and is used as insulation and cushioning

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13
Q

Stratum Corneum

A

most superficial layer, on the outside, 15-30 layers of cells

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14
Q

Stratum Lucidum

A

smooth, translucent layer of epidermis

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15
Q

Stratum Granulosum

A

grainy appearance

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16
Q

Stratum Spinosum

A

spiny appearance

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17
Q

Stratum Basale

A

Single layer of cells, primarily basal cells,

18
Q

Hair

A

A strand of keratin growing out of the epidermis

19
Q

Follicle

A

Where strands of hair originate in the dermis

20
Q

Shaft

A

The part of the hair that is not anchored down to the follicle and is exposed on the skin’s surface

21
Q

Root

A

The hair that is anchored to the follicle that is below the surface of the skin

22
Q

Free Edge

A

Part of the nail bed that has died and sticks out

23
Q

Lunula

A

A thick layer of epithelium in the shape of a crescent

24
Q

Cuticle

A

Layer of clear skin at the bottom of the nail

25
Q

Nail Root

A

Part of the nail that is under the finger and has proliferating cells that make the nail grow continuously

26
Q

Pores

A

Small holes in the epidermis where sweat is released

27
Q

Eccrine Sweat Gland

A

Salty sweat used for thermoregulation and found all over the skin, especially the palms, soles, and forehead. They are in the dermis

28
Q

Apocrine Sweat Gland

A

Sweat glands in dense hairy areas and are in the dermis/hypodermis. Sweat is made of water, salt, and compounds that make the sweat thicker and subject to bacterial decomposition, making it smell

29
Q

Skin

A

Largest organ that is made up of 3 layers and is the first layer of protection for the body

30
Q

Superficial to deep

A

Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis

31
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma

A

Common form of skin cancer, cancer forms in basal cells, comes from chronic sun exposure
Symptoms: white, skin colored, or pink bumps, a dark colored spots, flat, scaly, red patches, white, waxy, scar-like spots
Treatment: wear sunscreen and protective clothing, avoid tanning beds, don’t go out during midday sun

32
Q

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A

2nd most common type of skin cancer, caused by sun exposure and genetics
Symptoms: flat sore with scaly crust, new or raised sore on an old scar, a rough scaly patch on the lip that may turn into an open sore, a red sore or rough patch on the inside of the mouth
Treatment: surgery, radiation

33
Q

Melanoma

A

Skin cancer that forms in melanocytes that makes melanin. This causes discoloration in the skin
Symptoms: redness, swelling, discoloration of skin
Treatment: surgery, radiation, chemotherapy

34
Q

Eczema

A

A skin condition that makes skin red, itchy, and flaky
Symptoms: dry skin, itching, scaly skin, bumps
Treatment: avoiding harsh soaps, medical creams

35
Q

Acne

A

Occurs when the pores of skin become blocked with oil, dead skin, or bacteria
Symptoms: pimples, scarring, bumps on the face
Treatment: medicine, washing the face

36
Q

1st Degree Burn

A

Least serious, affects epidermis, get it from sunburns, scalding, and electrical burns
Symptoms: redness, dry skin, swelling, pain
Treatment: cool water and time

37
Q

2nd Degree Burn

A

Affects the epidermis and dermis, looks wet or moist, caused by overexposure to the sun or other radiation, chemical, and electrical burns
Symptoms: blisters, pain, swelling, red or white splotches of skin
Treatment: rinse the burn in cool water, clean the burn, bandage the burn, go to the doctor

38
Q

3rd Degree Burn

A

Affects all layers of skin, causes blood loss and damages nerves
Symptoms: burned skin looks black, brown, or white, leathery skin, nerves can be destroyed resulting in numbness
Treatment: Hospital, cut off dead tissue

39
Q

4th Degree Burn

A

Most severe, goes deep to muscle or bone, destroys nerves, no feeling
Symptoms: charred skin possibly white, exposed bone or muscle tissue
Treatment: hospital, raise the burn above the heart, cover with loose bandages, flush with water if chemical burn

40
Q

Stretch Marks

A

A type of scar the occurs when skin stretches, from weight loss or gain or pregnancy
Symptoms: scars
Treatment: Creams and time

41
Q

Calluses

A

Small areas of thickened skin formed by repetitive friction on an area of skin
Symptoms: pain, hard area on skin,
Treatments: soaking in warm soapy water and scraping the callus off

3B-Victoria Scott (11 decks)

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