Respiratory System Flashcards
What are the two main functions of the respiratory system?
- supply body with O2 for cellular respiration
- disposing of CO2
What 3 structures are involved in the conducting zone?
- nose
- pharynx/larynx
- primary bronchus
- trachea
What 3 structures are involved in the respiratory zone?
- alveolus
- respiratory membrane
- bronchioles
What type of cells are involved in gas exchange?
type 1 cells
What does Boyles law state?
“pressure is inversely proportional to volume”
How is ventilation caused?
change in volume (muscle contraction), which leads to change in pressure, which leads to flow of gases
During inspiration, what happens to the diaphragm and pressure?
Diaphragm contracts (structure moves down)
Causes lungs to stretch and an increased volume
This leads to decreased pressure
Air flows into lungs, stops when the pressures are equalises
Is inspiration or expiration a passive process?
Expiration
What is the title volume?
500ML
What is air made up of?
Nitrogen (N2) - 79%
Oxygen (O2) - 21%
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) - 0%
Water vapour – up to 0.5%
What does Dalton’s law say?
“partial pressure”
total pressure exerted by mixture of gases is equal to the sum of pressures exerted independently by each gas in mixture
What is the barometric pressure?
total air pressure
What does Henry’s law say?
a gas dissolved in a liquid in proportion to it’s partial pressure
What does compliance mean?
the ability of the lungs to expand?
What does elasticity means?
the lungs resistance to expansion
