Blood & Heart Flashcards
What proportion of blood is plasma?
55%
What components are in plasma?
water (90%), proteins and other solutes
What elements are in the blood?
Platelets, WBC and RBC
What is the function of the blood (3)?
transport - oxygen, nutrients, waste
regulation - homeostasis, pH, body temp, osmotic pressure
protection - blood clots after injury, WBC against pathogens
What is the negative feedback loop called that produces RBC?
Erythropoiesis
What is another name for RBC?
Erythrocytes
What is meant by Hypoxia?
cellular O2 deficiency
What does the kidney release?
Erythropoietin (hormone that speeds up maturation of RBC)
What are proerythroblasts?
RBC before they mature (found in bone marrow)
What do proerythroblasts mature into?
Reticulocytes
What are the 4 blood types?
A, B, AB and O
What is the universal recepient?
AB
What is the universal donor?
O
What valve is in the right atrium?
Pulmonary valve
What valve is in the left atrium?
Mitral valve
What valve is in the right ventricle?
Tricsupid valve
What valve is in the left ventricle?
Aortic valve
What side of the heart has deoxygenated blood?
right
Do veins take blood to or away from the heart?
to heart from lungs
Explain the process of blood
Add
What does systolic mean?
peak blood pressure
What does diastolic mean?
lowest blood pressure
Do atrium or ventricles have highest pressure?
ventricles
Where is the SA node?
right atrium
What is the SA node’s function?
natural pacemaker
Where is the Bundle of His?
branches to the L/R ventricles (connects to the Purkinje fibres)
What is the role of Purkinje fibres?
depolarisation of the ventricles, to contract upwards (side of the heart)
Is the contraction of the heart depolarization or repolarisation?
depolarisation
What does ECG stand for?
Electrocardiogram (determines signals/periods between waves)
What does the P wave show?
atrial depolarization (contraction)
What does the QRS wave show?
ventricular depolarisation (contraction)
What deos the T wave show?
ventricular repolarisation (relaxation)
