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HBA Revision > Blood & Heart > Flashcards

Blood & Heart Flashcards

1
Q

What proportion of blood is plasma?

A

55%

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2
Q

What components are in plasma?

A

water (90%), proteins and other solutes

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3
Q

What elements are in the blood?

A

Platelets, WBC and RBC

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4
Q

What is the function of the blood (3)?

A

transport - oxygen, nutrients, waste
regulation - homeostasis, pH, body temp, osmotic pressure
protection - blood clots after injury, WBC against pathogens

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5
Q

What is the negative feedback loop called that produces RBC?

A

Erythropoiesis

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6
Q

What is another name for RBC?

A

Erythrocytes

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7
Q

What is meant by Hypoxia?

A

cellular O2 deficiency

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8
Q

What does the kidney release?

A

Erythropoietin (hormone that speeds up maturation of RBC)

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9
Q

What are proerythroblasts?

A

RBC before they mature (found in bone marrow)

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10
Q

What do proerythroblasts mature into?

A

Reticulocytes

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11
Q

What are the 4 blood types?

A

A, B, AB and O

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12
Q

What is the universal recepient?

A

AB

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13
Q

What is the universal donor?

A

O

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14
Q

What valve is in the right atrium?

A

Pulmonary valve

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15
Q

What valve is in the left atrium?

A

Mitral valve

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16
Q

What valve is in the right ventricle?

A

Tricsupid valve

17
Q

What valve is in the left ventricle?

A

Aortic valve

18
Q

What side of the heart has deoxygenated blood?

A

right

19
Q

Do veins take blood to or away from the heart?

A

to heart from lungs

20
Q

Explain the process of blood

A

Add

21
Q

What does systolic mean?

A

peak blood pressure

22
Q

What does diastolic mean?

A

lowest blood pressure

23
Q

Do atrium or ventricles have highest pressure?

A

ventricles

24
Q

Where is the SA node?

A

right atrium

25
Q

What is the SA node’s function?

A

natural pacemaker

26
Q

Where is the Bundle of His?

A

branches to the L/R ventricles (connects to the Purkinje fibres)

27
Q

What is the role of Purkinje fibres?

A

depolarisation of the ventricles, to contract upwards (side of the heart)

28
Q

Is the contraction of the heart depolarization or repolarisation?

A

depolarisation

29
Q

What does ECG stand for?

A

Electrocardiogram (determines signals/periods between waves)

30
Q

What does the P wave show?

A

atrial depolarization (contraction)

31
Q

What does the QRS wave show?

A

ventricular depolarisation (contraction)

32
Q

What deos the T wave show?

A

ventricular repolarisation (relaxation)

HBA Revision (11 decks)

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