Cardiovascular System

Question 1

What does MAP stand for?

Answer 1

Mean arterial pressure

Question 2

How do you calculate MAP?

Answer 2

Diastolic BP + 1/3(Systolic-diastolic BP)

Question 3

How do you calculate cardiac output?

Answer 3

stroke volume x heart rate

Question 4

What are 2 factors that influence cardiac output?

Answer 4

stroke volume and heart rate

Question 5

What are 3 factors that influence vascular resistance?

Answer 5

size of the vessel lumen, vessel length, blood viscosity

Question 6

What are 2 factors that influence MAP?

Answer 6

cardiac output and vascular resistance

Question 7

What are baroreceptors?

Answer 7

pressure-sensitive sensory receptors that relay impulses to the brain

Question 8

Where are the two places that baroreceptors live?

Answer 8

Aortic arch and carotid sinus

Question 9

Where do baroreceptors communicate to?

Answer 9

Oblangata medulla and adrenal medulla

Question 10

With a decrease in BP, would the negative feedback loop increase the parasympathetic or sympathetic system?

Answer 10

sympathetic

Question 11

What are the three methods that capillary exchange uses to move nutrients/wastes

Answer 11

1. diffusion (down concentration gradient)
2. Transcytosis (exo and endo)
3. Bulk flow

Question 12

Is bulk flow a passive process?

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

What end of capillaries allows for net filtration?

Answer 13

aterial end (art uses filters)

Question 14

Does net reabsorption mean flow in or out?

Answer 14

Flow in (venus end)

Question 15

What does BHP stand for?

Answer 15

Blood hydrostatic pressure (pressure inside cap)

Question 16

What does IFOP stand for?

Answer 16

Interstitial fluid osmotic fluid (particles pulling)

Question 17

What does BCOP stand for?

Answer 17

Blood colloidal osmotic pressure (large molecules pulling)

Question 18

What does IFHP stand for?

Answer 18

Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure (0)

Question 19

What 2 types of pressure influence the arterial end of a cap?

Answer 19

BHP and IFOP

Question 20

What 2 types of pressure influence the venus end of a cap?

Answer 20

BCOP and IFHP

Question 21

What is meant by net filtration pressure?

Answer 21

summated difference between the pressure inside and outside cap

Question 22

Define autoregulation

Answer 22

blood flow to the tissues despite changes in BP (ability to adjust blood flow to match demands)

Question 23

Does a decrease in BP cause dilation or constriction to blood flow?

Answer 23

dilation

Question 24

What are the 2 theories of autoregulation?

Answer 24

Myogenic and Metabolic