Respiratory Physiology; Lung Volumes/Capacities Flashcards
What is the term for for the volume of air at full inspiration; Containing the maximum amount of air in the lungs?
Total Lung Capacity
What is the term when combining two or more lung volumes
2 or more lung volumes creates a “Capacity”
What is Tidal Volume?
Amount of air inspired or expired during normal resting ventilation. (TV)
About 500 mL/breath
What is Inspiratory Reserve Volume?
IRV: Volume of air that can be inspired when needed but usually is kept in reserve
i.e The extra volume of air that can be inspired with maximal effort after reaching the end of a normal, quiet inspiration
What is Expiratory Reserve Volume?
ERV: The volume of air that can be exhaled in excess of tidal breathing
i.e The extra volume of air that can be expired with maximum effort beyond the level reached at the end of a normal, quiet expiration.
What is Residual Volume?
The volume of air that remains in the lungs after full exhalation (exhaustion of ERV).
What components make Inspiratory Capacity?
Inspiratory Capacity (IC) = Tidal Volume (TV) + Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
Amount of volume that can be inspired after at the beginning of normal tidal expiration.
What components make Functional Residual Capacity?
Functional Residual Capacity (FRC): Residual Volume + Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
Amount of air that remains in the lungs after end of tidal exhalation.
What Components make Vital Capacity?
Vital Capacity = IRV + TV + ERV
All possible air under volitional control, we cannot get rid of RV.
What Components make Total Lung Capacity?
TLC = TV + IRV + ERV + RV
How do you measure Vital Capacity?
Maximal inspiration followed by (forcible exhalation) into a device until ERV has been exhausted.
Dubbed Forced Vital Capacity,, due to the forced expiratory Maneuver
What is FEV1?
Volume of air that can be forcefully be exhaled during first second of forced vital capacity maneuver.
What is normal FEV1 for a healthy individual
FEV1 is 70% or more of the total FVC (FEV1/FVC > 70%)
What is Peak Expiratory Flow Rate?
Greatest flow rate generated during maximal forced expiratory maneuver.
What is the difference between Respiration and Ventilation?
Respiration: Describes actual gas exchange in the body
Ventilation: Describes only the movement of air
What is External Respiration?
External Respiration: Gas exchange of the alveolar capillary membrane between atmospheric air and pulmonary capillaries
What is Internal respiration?
Internal Respiration: Gas exchange at the tissue capillary level, between tissues and surrounding capillaries
