Respiratory Physiology Lecture 2 part 9: Ventilation Flashcards

1
Q

Tidal volume

A

volume of inspired air at each breath

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2
Q

Approximately how much air is inspired (in tidal volume)?

A

~0.5 L

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3
Q

Total/minute ventilation

A

total amount of air moved into the respiratory system per minute

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4
Q

Total/minute ventilation = ??

A

Total/minute ventilation = Tidal volume x respiratory frequency

= 0.5 L x 15 bpm (Breaths per minute)

= 7.5 L/min

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5
Q

Alveolar ventilation

A

amount of air moved into the alveoli per minute

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6
Q

What does alveolar ventilation depend on?

A

It depends on the anatomical dead space

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7
Q

How much is anatomical dead space?

A

0.15 L

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8
Q

Alveolar ventilation = ??

A

Alveolar ventilation = (TV - anatomical dead space) x frequency

VA = (VT - VD) x frequency

= (0.5 - 0.15) L x 15 bpm

= 5.25 L/min

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9
Q

Why is alveolar ventilation lower than total/min ventilation?

A

due to anatomical dead space consideration

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10
Q

What zone is anatomical dead space in?

A

conductive zone

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11
Q

How much of normal breath is not available for gas exchange?

A

~ ⅓ (1-2 L)

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12
Q

VA = (VT - VD) x frequency

A

Alveolar ventilation

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13
Q

What happens to anatomical dead space with breath size?

A

anatomical dead space is constant regardless of breath size

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14
Q

Effects of Breathing Pattern on Alveolar Ventilation

A

Normal quiet breathing → 4200 mL/min (VA)

Shallow & fast → 0 mL/ min (VA)

Deep & shallow → increase (VA)

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15
Q

How does breathing patter effect minute ventilation?

A

stays the same

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16
Q

What breathing patter increases aveolar ventilation (VA)?

A

Increased DEPTH of breathing is more effective in increasing alveolar ventilation than an equivalent increase in breathing RATE