Respiratory Physiology Lecture 2 part 8: Lung Volumes and Capacities

Question 1

What is spirometry apparatus used for?

Answer 1

The spirometer is an apparatus used for measuring the volume of air inspired and expired by the lungs

• It records the amount and the rate of air that you breathe in and out over a period of time

Question 2

Spirometry

Answer 2

Pulmonary function test to determine the amount and the rate of inspired and expired air

Question 3

What are the lung volumes?

Answer 3

• tidal volume
• inspiratory reserve volume
• expiratory reserve volume
• residual volume

Question 4

What are the lung capacities?

Answer 4

• vital capacity
• inspiratory capacity
• function residual capacity
• total lung capacity

Question 5

Atelectasis

Answer 5

complete or partial collapse of a lung or lobe of a lung; develops when alveoli become deflated/collapse

Question 6

TV

Answer 6

Tidal volume

Question 7

tidal volume

Answer 7

TV

the volume of air moved IN OR OUT of the respiratory tract (Breathed) during each ventilatory cycle.

Question 8

IRV

Answer 8

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

Question 9

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

Answer 9

IRV

the additional volume of air that can be forcibly inhaled following a normal inspiration. It can be accessed simply by inspiring maximally, to the Maximum Possible Inspiration.

Question 10

ERV

Answer 10

Expiratory Reserve Volume

Question 11

Expiratory Reserve Volume

Answer 11

ERV

the additional volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled following a normal expiration. It can be accessed simply by expiring maximally to the Maximum Voluntary Expiration.

Question 12

RV

Answer 12

Residual Volume

Question 13

Residual Volume

Answer 13

the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a Maximal Expiration. It cannot be expired no matter how vigorous or long the effort.

Question 14

What lung volume cannot be measured by spiometry?

Answer 14

RV cannot be measured with a spirometry test.

RV = FRC - ERV.

Question 15

Lung capacity

Answer 15

correspond to the SUM of 2 or more lung volumes

Question 16

What are the lung capacities?

Answer 16

• vital capacity
• inspiratory capacity
• functional residual capacity
• total lung capacity

Question 17

VC

Answer 17

Vital Capacity

Question 18

Vital Capacity

Answer 18

VC

the maximal volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a Maximal Inspiration.

Question 19

What volumes equal VC?

Answer 19

VC = TV + IRV + ERV

Question 20

IC

Answer 20

Inspiratory capacity

Question 21

Inspiratory capacity

Answer 21

IC

the maximal volume of air that can be forcibly inhaled.

Question 22

What volumes equal IC?

Answer 22

IC = TV + IRV

Question 23

FRC

Answer 23

Functional Residual Capacity

Question 24

Functional Residual Capacity

Answer 24

the volume of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal expiration

Question 25

What volumes equal FRC?

Answer 25

FRC = RV + ERV

Question 26

TLC

Answer 26

Total Lung Capacity

Question 27

Total Lung Capacity

Answer 27

the volume of air in the lungs at the end of a Maximal Inspiration.

Question 28

What volumes equal TLC?

Answer 28

TLC = FRC + TV + IRV = VC + RV

Question 29

What cannot be measured by spirometry test?

Answer 29

Residual volume (And consequently FRC and TLC) cannot be measured by means of simple spirometry test