Respiratory Physiology I Flashcards
non respiratory functions of the lungs
- host defense; primary barrier between outside world and inside of body
- synthesizes and metabolized compounds
- filters toxic materials.
how does gas get across the blood lung barrier
it takes place PASSIVELY based on parital pressure differences
systemic oxygen transport equaation
cardiac output x arterial oxygen content = systemic oxygen transport
The __ are membranes that line the lungs and the inside of the thoracic cavity and which secrete fluid rich in proteins and water into the pleural space which acts to lubricate and facilitate breathing – serous fluid
The pleura are membranes that line the lungs and the inside of the thoracic cavity and which secrete fluid rich in proteins and water into the pleural space which acts to lubricate and facilitate breathing – serous fluid
T/F the upper respiratory tract is involved with gas exchange
false. no gas exchange occurs here, it helps to filter, condition, warm and humidify the air prior to getting tot he lungs.
purpose of the caritalge C rings in the bronchi of the lower resp tract
cartialge C shape rings provide rigidity and structure. prevents collapse duing air pressure changes of the respiratory cycle.
the first 16 branches of the tracheobronchial tree is the ____ zone, and the last 7 of the 23 branches is the ___ zone and invovles the ___ ___, ___ ducts and ___.
the first 16 branches of the tracheobronchial tree is the CONDUCTING zone, and the last 7 of the 23 branches is the RESPIRATORY zone and invovles the RESPIRATORY BRONCHIOLES, ALVEOLAR ducts and ALVEOLI.
the alveolar membrane has ___ and ___ cells. what are their functionst
type 1 and Ii cells
type 1; larger site of gas exchange and makes up 95% of the alveolus
type II; 5% of the alveolus and secretes surfactant to reduce surface tension.
outline the 7 layers of the alveolar-capillary membrane.
T he lung has a dual circulation: the ____-pressure, high-volume ____ vasculature, which is involved in gas exchange; and the ___–pressure, low-volume ____ circulation, which delivers oxygen to the bronchial tree.
T he lung has a dual circulation: the low-pressure, high-volume pulmonary vasculature, which is involved in gas exchange; and the high-pressure, low-volume bronchial circulation, which delivers oxygen to the bronchial tree.
outline why the lung has inherent inward elastic recoil
Network of elastic fibers
within the lung parenchyma
• Surface tension at the
alveolar air-liquid interface
outline which secions are the TV, IRV, ERV, RV
sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves converage at the ____ plexus to innervate the lung
converge at the pulmonary plexus
outlline the difference in lung volumes
pleural pressure is not uniform– lung is influenced by gravity. less pressure difference at the bottom. more volume at the bottom.
As a result, alveoli are less expanded and have higher compliance at the base, resulting in a more substantial increase in volume on inspiration for increased ventilation. Perfusion is also greater at the base of the lung due to gravity pulling blood down towards the base.
outline the layers of the alveolar-capillary junction
use ficks law to explain how edema can affect the diffusion barrier of the lung
the alveolar-capillary wall is very thick and fluid filled in edema. it decreases SA and increases thickness. causes a huge decrease in diffusion
note: understand this equation
