Intro to Chest Radiology (incomplete) Flashcards
Usually you can only see the ___rib, but if the lungs are hyperventilated due to COPD or obstructive disorder, you can see past the ___ anterior rib.
Usually you can only see the 6th rib, but if the lungs are hyperventilated due to COPD or obstructive disorder, you can see past the 8th anterior rib. (because the diaphragm gets flattened)
components of HILA
• Lymph nodes • Vasculature (Pulmonary
Arteries and veins) • Major Airways (Bronchi
ddx if you see this xray:
this is unilateral hilar enlargement
probably due to primary bronchiogenic carcinoma or metastatic nodal enlargement.
also could be TB, vascular, pulomary mass.
ddx if you see this xray:
bilateral hilar enlargement
- Lymphadenopathy: sarcoidosis, lymphoma/leukemia, metastatic disease
what would you think this is?
(tink 4T’s)
4T’s for differential anterior mediastinal mass:
Thymoma • Teratoma • Thyroid Thymoma
• “Terrible”
lymphoma
most common anterior mediastinal mass in adults.
thymoma
• Most common anterior
mediastinal mass in adults
• ~ 50% of cases are
asymptomatic
• 40% of patients have an
associated parathymic
syndrome (e.g. myasthenia
gravis, aplastic anemia, red-cell
aplasia)
• Most (75%) thymomas are
noninvasive (i.e.
circumscribed), while 25% grow
through their capsule to involve
the surrounding mediastinum
thymoma
blunting of the costophrenic angles indicatse a ___ ___
pleural effusion
pneumothorax
tension pneumothorax is when:
• Excess gas in pleural space causes
increased pressure
• Usually complete atelectasis of
lung
• Shift of mediastinal contents to
contralateral side can result in
reduced venous return to the
heart
what are the proportions of the heart and mediatsinum?•
HEART SIZE 50% WIDTH OF CHEST ON PA
VIEW
• SMOOTH MEDISTINAL AND HILAR
CONTOURS
