Respiratory Physiology 3.4

Question 1

What is an obstructive lung disease?

Answer 1

Obstruction of air flow, especially on expiration.

Question 2

What is a restrictive lung disease?

Answer 2

Restriction of lung expansion with a reduction in compliance

Question 3

What are some obstructive lung disorders?

Answer 3

Asthma and COPD (chronic bronchitis and emphysema)

Question 4

What are some restrictive lung disorders?

Answer 4

Fibrosis (idiopathic or asbestosis)
Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Oedema
Pneumothorax

Question 5

What is the difference between static and dynamic spirometry?

Answer 5

Spirometry measures lung fuction.
-static involves measuring the volume inhaled
-dynamic measures the time taken to exhale a certain volume of air

Question 6

What lung volumes can spirometry be used to measure directly?

Answer 6

Tidal volume, expiratory reserve volume, inspiratory reserve volume, inspiratory capacity, vital capacity

Question 7

What is FEV1?

Answer 7

Forced expiratory volume in 1 second

Question 8

What should the FEV1/FVC ratio be in healthy people?

Answer 8

80%

Question 9

What happens to FEV1/FVC in obstructive disorders?

Answer 9

It decreases as expiration is more difficult. Both volumes and ratio are reduced.

Question 10

What happens to expiration in a restrictive disorder?

Answer 10

Rate of airflow is reduced because lung volume is reduced. Ratio of FEV1/FVC is normal or increases.