Respiratory, Enteric, Herpes Viruses

Question 1

What does Parvovirus B19 cause?

Answer 1

Erythema infectiosum, aplastic anemia, hydrops fetalis, arthritis

Question 2

Viruses known to cause Acute Flaccid Myelitis

Answer 2

Poliovirus, Enterovirus, West Nile virus, Adenovirus

Question 3

List the human herpes viruses

Answer 3

HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV, EBV, CMV, HHV-6A/6B, HHV-7, HHV-8

Question 4

Rotavirus vaccine

Answer 4

Live virus

Question 5

Rotavirus pathogenesis

Answer 5

DLP component NSP4 - enterotoxin stimulates anion movement across membranes, promotes diarrhea

Question 6

Herpesvirus classification

Answer 6

Icosahedral, enveloped, large dsDNA genomes

Question 7

Alpha-herpesviruses properties

Answer 7

HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV

Neurotropic, broad host range, highly lytic in cell culture, infect epithelial cells primarily

Question 8

Beta-herpesviruses properties

Answer 8

HCMV, HHV-6A, HHV-6B, HHV-7

Restricted host range, grow more slowly in culture, often enlarged cytoplasm

Question 9

Gamma-herpesviruses

Answer 9

EBV, HHV-8

Lymphotropic, oncogenic potential

Question 10

What gene does EBV express and what is its function

Answer 10

EBNA1
Attaches episomes to cell chromosomes (ensure partitioning of viral genomes to daughter cell nuclei)
Inhibits processing of protein for presentation by MHC molecules

Question 11

How are HSV-1 and HSV-2 distinguished?

Answer 11

HSV-1 lesions: Generally above the waist

HSV-2 lesions: Generally below the waist

Question 12

Which herpesviruses cause vesicular rash?

Answer 12

HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV

Question 13

HSV-1 diseases

Answer 13

Gingivostomatitis, herpes labialis, keratoconjunctivitis, encephalitis, herpetic whitlow

Question 14

HSV-2 diseases

Answer 14

Genital herpes, neonatal herpes, meningitis

Question 15

HSV diagnosis

Answer 15

Tzanck smear - presence of multinucleated giant cells

Question 16

HSV Transmission

Answer 16

Direct contact

Question 17

VZV Transmission

Answer 17

Aerosol, direct contact

Question 18

CMV Transmission

Answer 18

Urine

Question 19

EBV Transmission

Answer 19

Saliva

Question 20

HHV-8 Transmission

Answer 20

Saliva and semen

Question 21

VZV Diagnosis

Answer 21

PCR

Question 22

What does EBV cause?

Answer 22

Infectious mononucleosis, hairy leukoplakia

Question 23

EBV tropism

Answer 23

B-lymphocytes

Question 24

EBV immune response

Answer 24

Nonspecific heterophil antibodies - agglutinate sheep or horse RBC: usually disappear within 6 months of activity

Question 25

EBC-associated malignancies

Answer 25

Burkitt’s lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD)

Question 26

CMV - what does it cause

Answer 26

Most common cause of congenital abnormalities in the United States

Immunocompromised: Pneumonia

Immunocompetent: Heterophil-negative mononucleosis

Question 27

CMV transimission

Answer 27

Variety of modes

Question 28

CMV treatment

Answer 28

Ganciclovir blocks CMV viral polymerase

Question 29

CMV diagnosis

Answer 29

Preferred approach: Culturing in shell vials, histologic staining of inclusion bodies

Question 30

What does HHV-6A/B cause?

Answer 30

Exanthem subitum (roseola) in children
Heterophil-negative mononucleosis in older persons

Question 31

What does HHV-8 cause?

Answer 31

Kaposi sarcoma