Gram-Negative Bacilli (Respiratory)

Question 1

Haemophilus (metabolism and shape)

Answer 1

Small Gram-negative coccobacilli, facultative anaerobe

Question 2

Haemophilus 2 species

Answer 2

H. influenzae, H. ducreyi (STD similar to syphilis)

Question 3

Bordetella pertussis (metabolism and shape)

Answer 3

Tiny Gram-negative coccobacilli, strict aerobes

Question 4

B. pertussis DP

Answer 4

Adhesins (Pili, filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), pertactin), pertussis toxin, adenylate cyclase, capsule, tracheal toxin

Question 5

Pertussis toxin pathogenesis

Answer 5

ADP-ribosylate host cell G protein, increase cAMP

Question 6

B. pertussis CD and transmission

Answer 6

Whooping cough

Transmission by droplets

Question 7

Whooping cough stages

Answer 7

Incubation, catarrhal, paroxysmal

Question 8

B. pertussis DLT

Answer 8

Associated with atypical lymphocytosis

Question 9

B. pertussis treatment

Answer 9

Macrolides

Question 10

B. pertussis prevention

Answer 10

Acellular vaccine (DTaP)

Question 11

Legionella pneumophila - where are they found

Answer 11

Thin Gram-negative rods, inhabits natural bodies of water as well as cooling towers and water distribution systems, where they parasitize amoebae

Question 12

L. pneumophila DP

Answer 12

Facultative intracellular pathogen, attaches to macrophages and provokes coiling phagocytosis, type IV secretion system

Question 13

L. pneumophila CD

Answer 13

Severe pneumonia

Question 14

L. pneumophila diagnosis

Answer 14

Visualized using Dieterle silver staining

Question 15

L. pneumophila treatment

Answer 15

Macrolides or ciprofloxacin, rifampin added in severe disease