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Microbiology by Bonnie > Bacteria Associations/Key Points > Flashcards

Bacteria Associations/Key Points Flashcards

1
Q

B. anthracis

A

Spores may persist in dry earth for years

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2
Q

B. cereus

A

Causes food-poisoning

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3
Q

L. monocytogenes

A

Grows well at refrigeration temperatures, infects many animals, foodborne transmission (avoid raw meat, unpasteurized milk, thoroughly wash raw vegetables), internalin, meningitis

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4
Q

Corynebacteria diphtheriae

A

Pseudomembrane, Chinese letter, palisade appearance

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5
Q

C. tetani

A

Soil and animal feces, terminal spores (“tennis racket”, “drumstrick” shaped)

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6
Q

C. botulinum

A

Soil, ponds, lakes, plants, high concentration in honey, associated with home-canned food products

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7
Q

C. perfringens

A

Associated with ingestion of contaminated meat, poultry, or vegetables, gangrene and food-poisoning

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8
Q

Clostridioides difficile

A

Causes diarrhea associated with antibiotic use

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9
Q

Nocardia spp

A

Infects individuals with deficient cell-mediated immunity, subacute pneumonia -> dissemination

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10
Q

Actinomyces israelii

A

Spread contiguously, ignoring tissue planes, indolent, suppurative infections

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11
Q

Enterobacterales

A

Many are opportunistic pathogens

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12
Q

UPEC

A

UTIs, type I and P pili

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13
Q

ETEC

A

Traveler’s Diarrhea (spread through contaminated food and water)

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14
Q

EPEC

A

Diarrhea in developing countries

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15
Q

EHEC

A

Cattle are reservoir (acquire from undercooked meat, unpasteruized milk and juices), bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, leads to HUS in 10% of cases

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16
Q

Shigella

A

Cause dysentry

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17
Q

S. enterica

A

Common cause of diarrhea, reservoirs (farm animals esp chickens, turtles and other reptiles)

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18
Q

S. enterica serovar Typhi

A

Typhoid fever (prolonged fever, orccasionally a rash consisting of a few pink macules)

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19
Q

Y. enterocolitica

A

Causes infectious diarrhea

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20
Q

Y. pestis

A

Causes plague, usually in hikers or hunters who acquire illness from wild animals (e.g. prairie dogs)

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21
Q

K. pneumoniae

A

Common cause of hospital-acquired infections, noteworthy for its antibiotic resistance

22
Q

Proteus species

A

Swarming motility, UTIs, urease, causes nosocomial infections

23
Q

P. aeruginosa

A

Moist environments (soil, lakes, faucets and drains in hospitals), nosocomial infections (pneumonia, esp mechanically ventiliated patients), ecthyma gangrenosum, hot tub folliculitis

24
Q

Acinetobacter baumannii

A

Hospital-acquired infections

25
Q

Legionella pneumophila

A

Primary source - air conditioning cooling towers, water faucets, causes severe pneumonia

26
Q

Vibrios

A

Commonly live in salt water and freshwater, cause infections associated with exposure to seawater

27
Q

V. cholerae

A

Causes cholera, severe form of diarrhea

28
Q

V. vulnificus

A

Causes gastroenteritis, wound infections, bacteremia in individuals with liver disease or iron-overload states

29
Q

Campylobacter

A

Frequent cause of gatroenteritis leading to diarrhea

30
Q

Bordetella pertussis

A

Whooping cough

31
Q

Brucella

A

Cause disease in humans as well as cattle, goats, hogs, meat inspectors, others who work with animals are at particular risk, brucellosis, fever, chills for weeks/months

32
Q

Fancisella tularensis

A

Human infection follows contact with animals (skinning rabbits on a hunting trip), tularemia (fever and chills, ulcerated site of inoculation)

33
Q

Pasteurella multocida

A

Humans usually become infected from a cat or dog bite

34
Q

Neisseria meningitidis

A

Occurs in thsoe living in close quarters

35
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi

A

Lyme disease

36
Q

Treponema pallidum

37
Q

Leptospira interrogans

A

Transmitted to humans following exposure to water contaminated with animal urine, cuases leptospirosis (biphasic illness with fever, miningitis, hepatitis, renal failure)

38
Q

Rickettsia rickettsii

A

Transmitted by tick bites, Rocky Mountain fever

39
Q

Coxiella burnetii

A

Harbored by sheep, Q fever

40
Q

Ehrlichia chaffeensis

A

Transmitted by ticks

41
Q

Anaplasma phagocytophilum

A

Transmitted by ticks

42
Q

Bartonella henselae

A

Causes cat-scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis

43
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

44
Q

C. pneumoniae and C. psittaci

45
Q

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

Common cause of community-acquired pneumonia

46
Q

M. tuberculosis

A

Taken up by alveloar macrophages, granuloma

47
Q

M. laprae

48
Q

MAC

A

GI, Pulmonary disease

49
Q

M. kansasii

A

Pulmonary infections

50
Q

M. abscessus and M. fortuitum

A

Pulmnonary, skin, soft tissue infections

51
Q

M. marinum

A

Soft tissue infections

Microbiology by Bonnie (14 decks)

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