Respiratory disease in pigs and poultry Flashcards
List 3 viral respiratory diseases that pigs can get
PRRS
SIV
PCV-2
List 6 bacterial respiratory diseases that pigs can get
Glasserella parasuis
mycoplasma hypopneumoniae
mycoplasma hyorhinis
streptococcus suis
pasturella multiocida
actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
Why is it important to vaccinate sows in the breeding herd
this protection can be passed down to the piglets
how can piglets gain their own antibodies
through vaccination or exposure to the pathogen
what is PRDC
Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex
is pneumonia usually caused by one or multiple pathogens
multiple - usually viral and bacterial
when you have bacterial pneumonia on PME sometimes treatment won’t work - why?
because a virus may be underlying the secondary bacterial infection
List the clinical signs of PRDC
coughing
anorexia
lethargy
loss of body weight
increased hair gowth
dysponea
increased mortality
how can we sample herds for PRDC
ELISA (blood / oral secretions)
OR
PCR (blood / oral secretions / nasal or tonsillar swabs)
what PME samples can we do for PRDC
Histopathology
PCR
Tissue culture
what are the best samples to take
swabs and fresh lung/heart tissue culture, preserved lung/heart tissue for histopath, fresh lung/spleen tissue for PCR
Describe how to treat PRDC
antibiotics- different antibiotic depending on suspected cause
NSAIDs
if you have results that are positive for PRRSV, what do you have to bare in mind
this positive result could be from the vaccine - you must PCR in order to see if it is a vaccine strain or a wild type strain
what is snicking
coughing in birds - it is different due to their lack of diaphragm
List 2 notifiable poiultry diseases
avian infleneza
newcastle disease
why can respiratory diseases be lower in well planned stocking systems compared to free range birds
there are less stresses in stocking systems
what immunity are we testing when we look for antibodies
humoral immuntity
poultry body temperature
41.9-42
normal chicken heart rate
350-470
Normal female poutry resp rate
20-37
what can ruffled feathers mean in poultry
pyrexia
how can we diagnose poultry diseases
culture for bacteria
serology
tracheal swabs for PCR
virus isolation
histopathology
why are antibiotics not usually used in poultry
usually the meat withdrawel time will be longer than the birds are kept
5 routes of administration of poultry vaccines
drinking water
spray
intra-ocular
in ovo
injection
Why can live vaccines not be given in the water
chlorinated mains water will kill the virus
what do you do if you suspect a notifiable disease
report to APHA
Describe treatment for respiratory diseases in poultry
antibiotics - commonly oxytatracycline but can depend on the pathogen present, booster vaccinations given, extra care with hygiene
