FMDV/ oral cavity disease SDL

Question 1

List 6 clinical signs of oral cavity disease

Answer 1

Anorexia/ inappetance
drooling
swelling
protrusion of tongue
submandibular oedema
bloat

Question 2

List 7 viral differentials for hypersalivation in cattle

Answer 2

BVDV
MCF
IBR
bovine papular stomatitis
rabies
FMD
BTV

Question 3

List 3 bacterial differentials for hypersalivation in cattle

Answer 3

Diphtheria
Actinobacillosis - wooden tongue
Actinomycosis- lumpy jaw

Question 4

List 4 traumatic differentials for hypersalivation in cattle

Answer 4

choke
drenching injuries
teeth issues
vagal nerve damage

Question 5

What is stomatitis

Answer 5

inflammation of oral mucosa and is a clinical sign

Question 6

Describe how FMDV is spread

Answer 6

direct contact :
ingestion of animal products
during mating
contact with infected wildlife
wind-borne transmission
indirect contact- via fomites

Question 7

List the clinical signs of FMDV in cattle

Answer 7

fever and vesicles - oral and hoof lesions
abortion
lameness
drooling
death in young animals

Question 8

List the clinical signs of FMDV in pigs

Answer 8

severe hoof lesions
hoof sloughing
snout vesicles
oral lesions

Question 9

Do sheep/ goats get FMDV clinical signs

Answer 9

they may get some but they are very mild if they do

Question 10

List the clinical signs of blue tongue virus in sheep

Answer 10

eye/nasal discharge
drooling
pyrexia
swelling of the mouth
lameness
haemorrhages
inflammation of the skin of the coronary band
respiratory problems
fever
lethargy

Question 11

List the clinical signs of blue tongue virus in cattle

Answer 11

nasal discharge
swelling of the head/neck
conjunctivitis
swelling and ulceration of the mouth
swollen teats
lethargy
hypersalivation
pyrexia

Question 12

List the clinical signs of rabies

Answer 12

hypersalivation
behavioural change
muzzle tremors
vocalisation
aggression
hyperaesthesia
pharyngeal paralysis

Question 13

why can IBR cause hypersalivation

Answer 13

due to the ruminal stasis

Question 14

List the 3 treatment/ control options for FMDV

Answer 14

eradication programmes
vaccinate to kill
vaccinate to live

Question 15

List the clinical signs of MCF (malignant catarrhal fever)

Answer 15

pyrexia
inappetance
corneal opacity
nasal discharge
crusting of the muzzle
enlarged lymph nodes
exudative dermatitis around the udder

Question 16

what are the clinical signs of orf

Answer 16

non-pruritic ulceration around the lips and teats of lambs/ ewes

Question 17

what bacteria causes wooden tongue

Answer 17

Actinobacillus lignieresii

Question 18

Describe how bovine papilloma virus is spread

Answer 18

abrasions
direct contact
+/- flies

Question 19

Describe how wooden tongue presents

Answer 19

pain
stomatitis
glossitis
fibrous tissue
cellulitis
swollen tongue
submandibular swelling
rapid loss of BCS

Question 20

Describe how you treat wooden tongue

Answer 20

antibiotics gram -ve (penicillin and streptomycin) facultative anaerobe
iodides - oral potassium iodide
NSAIDs

Question 21

What bacteria causes lumpy jaw

Answer 21

Actinomyces bovis

Question 22

Describe how lumpy jaw presents

Answer 22

hard
immobile lesions
chronic infectious disease
painful
+/- pyrexia

Question 23

Describe how lumpy jaw occurs

Answer 23

mucosal damage allows commensals of the oral cavity to invade the bony structures via the lymphatics

Question 24

Describe how lumpy jaw is treated

Answer 24

antibiotics- gram +ve anaerobe - procaine benzylpenicillin
sodium iodide
NSAIDs

Question 25

What bacteria causes calf diptheria

Answer 25

Fusobacterium necrophorum

Question 26

List the clinical signs of calf diptheria

Answer 26

halitosis cough pyrexia difficulty swallowing BRD

Question 27

What are the 2 forms of calf diptheria

Answer 27

Necrotic stomatitis- oral form- necrotic ulceration of the cheek and/or tongue Necrotic laryngitis- laryngeal form- ulceration of the larynx

Question 28

Describe how calf diptheria occurs

Answer 28

mucosal injury leads to GI/URT commensal infecting the mouth

Question 29

where are the common sites for GI obstruction in cattle

Answer 29

oropharynx, thoracic inlet and heart base

Question 30

Is dental disease common in ruminants

Answer 30

No

Question 31

List the 4 dental issues that can occur in ruminants

Answer 31

impaction malocclusion tooth root abscesses periodontal disease

Question 32

Describe how to treat calf diptheria

Answer 32

3-5 day course of Abs (penicillin, tetracycline, TMPS) NSAIDs