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Biology V > Respiratory Cycles & Lung Volumes & Capacities > Flashcards

Respiratory Cycles & Lung Volumes & Capacities Flashcards

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1
Q

define respiratory cycle

A

inhalation and exhalation during a single breath

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2
Q

what does the amount of air that flows in and out of the lungs depend on?

A

conditions of inspiration and expiration

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3
Q

what are the 4 respiratory volumes

A

tidal volume (TV)
inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
residual volume (RV)

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4
Q

Define Tidal Volume (TV)

A

This is the volume of air passing into and out of the lung with each breath during normal breathing

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5
Q

How much is TV on average

A

500ml on a resting adult human

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6
Q

Define IRV

A

This is the extra volume of air that can be forcibly inhaled beyond the tidal volume

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7
Q

Define ERV

A

Extra volume of air which can be forcibly expelled from the lungs after a normal expiration

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8
Q

Define RV

A

Volume of air that remains in the lungs even after a forceful expiration

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9
Q

how much is RV on average

A

about 1200ml

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10
Q

what is a respiratory lung capacity

A

specific combinations of respiratory volumes

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11
Q

how many respiratory volumes do respiratory capacities consist of?

A

2 or more

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12
Q

what does respiratory capacities help determine

A

the respiratory status of a person

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13
Q

what are the 4 respiratory capacities

A
  1. Inspiratory Capacity (IC)
  2. Functional Residual Capacity (IRC)
  3. Vital Capacity (VC)
  4. Total Lung Capacity (TLC)
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14
Q

Define IC

A

The total volume of air that can be inspired with maximum effort

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15
Q

equation for IC

A

IC = TV + IRV

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16
Q

Define FRC

A

The volume of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal expiration

17
Q

equation for FRC

A

FRC = RV + ERV

18
Q

Why is FRC important?

A
  1. for the continuous exchange of gas in alveoli
  2. to prevent the collapse of alveoli during expiration
19
Q

define VC

A

maximum volume of air which can be inhaled and exhaled

20
Q

how much is VC normally

A

4800ml in men
3100ml in women

21
Q

equation for VC

A

VC = TV + IRV + ERV

22
Q

define TLC

A

Maximum volume of air lungs can hold/ sum of all lung volumes

23
Q

how much is TLC

A

6000ml normally

24
Q

define anatomical dead space

A

some of inspired air fills the system of branching conducting tubes (trachea, bronchi, bronchioles)

this air never contributes to gas exchange in alveoli

this volume of air is anatomical dead space and its typically about 150ml

25
Q

how much is anatomical dead space typically

A

150 ml

Biology V (12 decks)

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