Respiratory Cycle + Lung Volumes DSA Flashcards
What is the general rule for one letter abbreviations?
capital letters = air
lower letters = blood
What does v with a line above it mean?
mixed venous (blood from all the organs/tissues mixed together)
What does F stand for?
fractional concentration of gas (would specify what gas you are referring to)
What is the abbreviation for arterial?
a
How do you calculate munite ventilation?
V(dot) = Vt * f
(tidal volume times respiratory rate)
What is the nitrogen-washout technique?
determines FRC
person breaths 100% O2 through one-way valve –> all expired gas collected until N2 reaches 0
total vol of all gas expired is measured and multiplied by % of N2 on mixed expired air (80%)
What is the abbreviation for blood flow?
Q
How is alveolar ventilation calculated/ what is it?
V(dot)A = (VT - VDS)*f
What is ERV?
expiratory reserve volume
volume of air that can be forced out in addition to tidal volume
*doesn’t include residual volume
*requires activation of expiratory muscles
What does a positive transpulmonary pressure mean?
the lungs are “open” or partially inflated
What is IC?
inspiratory capacity
capacity of air that can be maximally inspired following a normal exhale
IC = Vt + IRV
What is residual volume?
RV
volume of air that cannot be forced out, no matter how hard one tries
cannot be determined by spirometry
What is the abbreviation for alveolar?
A
What is the function of FRC?
helps prevent collapse of lungs, reduces workload, dilutes toxic inhaled gases
What is physiologic dead space?
anatomic dead space plus alveolar dead space