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MedBoardsPrep > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

0
Q

1st line Asthma controller

A

Inhaled corticosteroids

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1
Q

Pathophysiology of airflow ibstruction, hyperinflation and emphysema

A

COPD

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2
Q

1st line Asthma reliever

A

Short Acting Beta Agonists

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3
Q

Diagnostic finding of COPD in Spirometey

A

FEV1/FVC <70%

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4
Q

Paradoxical inward movement of rib cage upon inspiration in COPD

A

Hoover’s sign

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5
Q

Syndrome of silicosis with Rheumatoid Arthritis with pneumo nodules in Coal Worker’s Pneumoconiosis

A

Caplan’s Syndrome

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6
Q

‘egg shell’ or ‘crazy paving’ pattern of calcification on hilar nodes with nodular and progressive fibrosis

A

Silicosis

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7
Q

Female patient eho had never smoke but with history of drug use presenting with fever

A

Non-specific Interstitial Pneumonia (HM: uniform inflammation)

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8
Q

> 40yo px with sudden cough, dyspnea and fever eith CT of patchy ground glass areas

A

Acute Interstiial Pneumonia (Hamman Rich Syndrome)

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9
Q

Crunching or clicking sounds synchronous with the heart

A

Pneumomediastinum (Hamman’s sign)

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10
Q

ECG findings in patient suspected of Pulmonary embolism

A 
S1Q3T3
S wave in lead I
Q wave in lead III
T wave inversion in lead III 
(most frequent: T wave inversion V1-4)
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11
Q

Tricispid Regurgitaion worsened on inspiration

A

Carvallo’s sign ( Cor Pulmonale)

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12
Q

Rheumatoid Artritis wih splenomegalu, subcuaneous nodules and neutropenia

A

Felty’s Syndrome

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13
Q

‘Swan Neck’ / ‘Z’ / Bouttonierre deformity

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

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14
Q

3 cardinal features of Systemic Sclerosis

A

‘FIV’ (Fibrosis, Immunity, Vasculopathy)

Progressive & Visceral Fibrosis
Cellular & Humoral Immunity
Vasculopathy with progressive occlusion

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15
Q

Almost all Paraneoplastic syndromes (e.g. SIADH Cushing) are caused by SCCA except for this ehich is caused by what CA

A

Hypercalcemia

Squamous Cell Lung CA

16
Q

Repeated cycles of alveolitis by unidentified agent with hallmark of pathy interstitial fibrosis ehich varies in intensity and time

A

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

17
Q

Noncaseating granulomas
mediastinal and hilar LAD (CXR: ‘potato nodes’)
increased ACE & Ca
Schaumann and Asteroid bodies

A

Sarcoidosis

18
Q

Single abscess on Right Lung is due to

A

Aspiration

Multiple, basal, diffusely distributed - due to PNA, Bronchiectasis

19
Q

MC site of aspiration

A

Superior segment of Right Lobe

20
Q

2nd MCC of Acute COPD exacerbation

A

1 H. influenzae

Moraxella catarrhalis

21
Q

Virulence factor & factor preventing phagolysosome fusion in TB

A

Cord factor - virulence

Sulfatides - inhibit phagolysosomal fusion

22
Q

MC site of Lung CA metastasis

A

Adrenals (50%) > Liver (30-50%) > Brain (20%) > Bone (20%)

23
Q

Mutations in Squamous Cell CA AdenoCA and Small Cell CA of the Lungs

A

Squamous - p53 mutation

AdenoCA - EGFR mutation

Small Cell - p53 and RB mutation

24
Q

Weakness improved bu activity
No eye weakness
Anti voltage gated Ca channel Ab @presynaptic terminal
assoc with Small Cell CA

A

Lambert-Eaton Syndrome

25
Q

Component in cigarette smoking causing malignancy

A

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
Tar
Benzopyrene
Nitrosamine

26
Q

Neuroendocrine cells in SCCA causing the different Paraneoplastic syndromes

A

Kulchitsky cells

27
Q

Supplies Infrahyoid muscles

A

Ansa cervicalis
(C1-3)
- union of CN12 & Descending branch of C1 unites with Descrnding branch of C2&C3

*omohyoid sternohyoid sternothyroid
except thyrohyoid (C1)
28
Q

Only motor nerve supply to the Diaphragm

A

Phrenic nerve
(C3-5)

*superficial to Scalene Anterior

29
Q

Borders of the Thoracic Inlet

A

Post - T1 vert
Ant - Manubrium sterni
Lat - 1st rib

*aka Thoracic outlet/Superior Thoracic Aperture
*Inferior Thoracic Aperture
Post- T12
PostLat - 11 & 12th rib
AnteLat - costal margin
Ant - Xiphisternal jt

30
Q

Most serious pleural neoplasm

Which is caused by Asbestos

A

Malignant Mesothelioma

MedBoardsPrep (17 decks)

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