Cardiac Flashcards
Cystic Medial Dgeneration/Necrosis is the most frequent pre existing histologic lesion
Aortic Dissection
Characteristic appearance of the Aorta in Tertiary Syphilis
Tree Bark Aorta
Blood vessel layer dissected in Dissecting Hematoma (Aortic Dissection)
Laminar part o Tunica Media
Most common Varicose Vein
Supefricial Saphenous Vein
Most common location of DVT (Phlebothrombosis)
Deep vein of the calf
Pain on dorsiflexion of foot?
Homman’s sign in DVT
Muscle frequently associated with Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Spasm o Anterior Scalene muscle
Addisson’s test?
Disappearance of pulse when px looks towards ipsilateral outstretched arm
- Thoracic outlet Syndrome
Type of Obstructive lymphedema seen in Breast CA
Peau d’ Orange
Primary lymphedema seen in Turners
Webbed neck
Lymphedema praecox
Edema of calf or ankle
Females @ puberty
Earliest lesion in artherosclerosis
Fatty streak
- composed of lipid filled foam cells
3 components of an arthrrosclerotic plaque
Smooth muscle cell
T cell
Macrophage
Ejection fraction in Systolic Heart Failure
Depressed EF (<40%)
Heart failure with preserved EF (>40%)
Diastolic Heart Failure
Heart Failure states with High Output
Beri beri
Anemia, usualy chronic
Thyrotoxicosis
Systemic AV Shunting
Arryrthmia with multiple P-P intervals
Sinus Exit block
Syndrome of chronotrophic incompetence with alternating bradycardia and tachycardia
Sick Sinus Syndrome
Causes if bradycaria
Vasovagal stimulation, Increase ICP, Drugs, Sleep apnea, hypoThermia, hypOxia, hypoThyroidism
VHD with holosystolic murmur
Mitral Regurg
VHD with characterisic Parvus et tardus
Aortic Stenois
Murmurs in Aortic regurgitation
Blowing (cooing) crescendo decrescendo
Mid systolic ejection murmur
Austin Flint Murmur -low pitched rumbling diastolic murmur
Beck’s Triad
Hypotension
Neck Vein Engorgement
Muffled heart sound
Characteristic sign in Anginal chest pain
Levine’s sign
-clenched fist over sternum
Triad of Raynaud’s Phenomenon, claudication and migratory siperficial vein trombophlebitis
Buerger’s Disease ( Thombangitis Obliterans)
Tricuspid regurgitation worsened on inspiration
Carvallo’s sign ( Cor Pulmonale)
Dressler’s Syndrome
Post Cardiac MI injury
Fibrinous Pericarditis
Most common causr of native valvular endocarditis
Strep viridans
MCC of prosthetic valve Endocarditis
Staph epidermidis
Organs with dual blood supply
Lung
Liver
Intestine
Traube’s sign vs Traube’s syndrome
Traube’s sign
-carpopedal spasm in hypercalcemia
Traube’s syndrome
-Pancreatic CA with Superficial Migratory Thrombophlebitis
Earliest manifestation of Hypertensive Heart Disease
Increase transverse diameter of myocytes
MC blood vessel affected by PAN?
Blood vessel NOT affected by PAN?
Renal > coronary > Hepatic > Mesenteric
Does NOT affect the PULMONARY ARTERIES
Assoc with Mucocutaneous Lymph node Syndrome and MC acquired heart disease in children
Kawasaki Disease
Vessel not affected by Allergic Granulomatosis and Angiitis
Renal vessels
aka Churg Strauss Syndrome
PAN-like manifestations but with necrotizing vasculitis and granulomas with eosinophilic necrosis
Churg Strauss Sybdrome
Allergic Granulomatosis and Angiitis
Necrotizing triad of Wegener’s Granulomatosis
Necrotizing
- Granulomas (acute)
- Vasculitis (most prominent in lungs)
- Glomerulitis / Crescentic GN (RPGN -poor prognosis)
4 Cs in Wegener’s Granulomatosis
C ANCA
Crescent GN
Cyclophosphamide
Corticosteroids
Dyspnea, left sided S3*, MR, PND, high BNP, CXR: ‘bat wing’ perihilar congestion
Left Sided Heart Failure
Most common cause of Mycotic Aneurysm
Salmonella
Neck Vein distention on inspiration
Kusmaull’s sign
pericardial effusion
