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MedBoardsPrep > Cardiac > Flashcards

Cardiac Flashcards

1
Q

Cystic Medial Dgeneration/Necrosis is the most frequent pre existing histologic lesion

A

Aortic Dissection

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2
Q

Characteristic appearance of the Aorta in Tertiary Syphilis

A

Tree Bark Aorta

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3
Q

Blood vessel layer dissected in Dissecting Hematoma (Aortic Dissection)

A

Laminar part o Tunica Media

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4
Q

Most common Varicose Vein

A

Supefricial Saphenous Vein

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5
Q

Most common location of DVT (Phlebothrombosis)

A

Deep vein of the calf

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6
Q

Pain on dorsiflexion of foot?

A

Homman’s sign in DVT

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7
Q

Muscle frequently associated with Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

A

Spasm o Anterior Scalene muscle

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8
Q

Addisson’s test?

A

Disappearance of pulse when px looks towards ipsilateral outstretched arm
- Thoracic outlet Syndrome

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9
Q

Type of Obstructive lymphedema seen in Breast CA

A

Peau d’ Orange

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10
Q

Primary lymphedema seen in Turners

A

Webbed neck

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11
Q

Lymphedema praecox

A

Edema of calf or ankle

Females @ puberty

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12
Q

Earliest lesion in artherosclerosis

A

Fatty streak

- composed of lipid filled foam cells

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13
Q

3 components of an arthrrosclerotic plaque

A

Smooth muscle cell
T cell
Macrophage

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14
Q

Ejection fraction in Systolic Heart Failure

A

Depressed EF (<40%)

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15
Q

Heart failure with preserved EF (>40%)

A

Diastolic Heart Failure

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16
Q

Heart Failure states with High Output

A

Beri beri
Anemia, usualy chronic
Thyrotoxicosis
Systemic AV Shunting

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17
Q

Arryrthmia with multiple P-P intervals

A

Sinus Exit block

18
Q

Syndrome of chronotrophic incompetence with alternating bradycardia and tachycardia

A

Sick Sinus Syndrome

19
Q

Causes if bradycaria

A

Vasovagal stimulation, Increase ICP, Drugs, Sleep apnea, hypoThermia, hypOxia, hypoThyroidism

20
Q

VHD with holosystolic murmur

A

Mitral Regurg

21
Q

VHD with characterisic Parvus et tardus

A

Aortic Stenois

22
Q

Murmurs in Aortic regurgitation

A

Blowing (cooing) crescendo decrescendo
Mid systolic ejection murmur
Austin Flint Murmur -low pitched rumbling diastolic murmur

23
Q

Beck’s Triad

A

Hypotension
Neck Vein Engorgement
Muffled heart sound

24
Q

Characteristic sign in Anginal chest pain

A

Levine’s sign

-clenched fist over sternum

25
Q

Triad of Raynaud’s Phenomenon, claudication and migratory siperficial vein trombophlebitis

A

Buerger’s Disease ( Thombangitis Obliterans)

26
Q

Tricuspid regurgitation worsened on inspiration

A

Carvallo’s sign ( Cor Pulmonale)

27
Q

Dressler’s Syndrome

A

Post Cardiac MI injury

Fibrinous Pericarditis

28
Q

Most common causr of native valvular endocarditis

A

Strep viridans

29
Q

MCC of prosthetic valve Endocarditis

A

Staph epidermidis

30
Q

Organs with dual blood supply

A

Lung
Liver
Intestine

31
Q

Traube’s sign vs Traube’s syndrome

A

Traube’s sign
-carpopedal spasm in hypercalcemia
Traube’s syndrome
-Pancreatic CA with Superficial Migratory Thrombophlebitis

32
Q

Earliest manifestation of Hypertensive Heart Disease

A

Increase transverse diameter of myocytes

33
Q

MC blood vessel affected by PAN?

Blood vessel NOT affected by PAN?

A

Renal > coronary > Hepatic > Mesenteric

Does NOT affect the PULMONARY ARTERIES

34
Q

Assoc with Mucocutaneous Lymph node Syndrome and MC acquired heart disease in children

A

Kawasaki Disease

35
Q

Vessel not affected by Allergic Granulomatosis and Angiitis

A

Renal vessels

aka Churg Strauss Syndrome

36
Q

PAN-like manifestations but with necrotizing vasculitis and granulomas with eosinophilic necrosis

A

Churg Strauss Sybdrome

Allergic Granulomatosis and Angiitis

37
Q

Necrotizing triad of Wegener’s Granulomatosis

A

Necrotizing

  • Granulomas (acute)
  • Vasculitis (most prominent in lungs)
  • Glomerulitis / Crescentic GN (RPGN -poor prognosis)
38
Q

4 Cs in Wegener’s Granulomatosis

A

C ANCA
Crescent GN
Cyclophosphamide
Corticosteroids

39
Q

Dyspnea, left sided S3*, MR, PND, high BNP, CXR: ‘bat wing’ perihilar congestion

A

Left Sided Heart Failure

42
Q

Most common cause of Mycotic Aneurysm

A

Salmonella

43
Q

Neck Vein distention on inspiration

A

Kusmaull’s sign

pericardial effusion

MedBoardsPrep (17 decks)

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