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MedBoardsPrep > Others > Flashcards

Others Flashcards

0
Q

Carcinogenic omponents in cigarette smoking

A

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
Tar
Benzopyrene
Nitrosamine

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1
Q

Only protective mehanism aainst Mercury poisoning

A

Intracellular Glutathione

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2
Q

Gastric Ulcer and Squamous Cell CA ulcer as a complication of burn injury

A

Gastric - Curling Ulcer

Squamous Cell CA - Marjolin ulcer (overturned burn edges)

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3
Q

Keshan Disease

A

Selenium deficiency

aka Endemic Cardiomyopathy

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4
Q

Acrodermatitis enterooathica

A

Zinc deficiency

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5
Q

Normal capillary pressure

A

Venous 12mmHg
Capillary 20mmHg
Arteriole 32mmHg

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6
Q

To prevent Seroma formation in a graft

A

Mesh

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7
Q

MC site of Necrotizing Tissue Infection

A

Perineum
Ext genitalia
Abdominal wall

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8
Q

Definitve managemnt of Necrotizing Tissue Infection

A

Debridement

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9
Q

Granulomatous suppuratice bacterial infection. Present as nodules forming draining tracts following tooth odontogenic procedures.

A

Actinomycosis

+ sulfur granules

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10
Q

Necrotic lesions, rapidly enlarging. ‘harbringer of Bad Nees’
Associated (50%) with underlying disease

A

Pyoderma gangrenosum

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11
Q

Congenital nevi with ‘swimming trunk’ distribution

A

Haiy Cell Nevi

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12
Q

MC soft tissue tumor

A

Lipoma

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13
Q

Type of Basal Cell CA that metastasizes distally

A

Basosquamous BCC

-mimics SCCA mets

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14
Q

MC type of basal Cell CA

A

Nodulocystic

Noduloulcerative

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15
Q

SCCA type om the neck, hands, face of elderly

A

Lentigo Maligna

- best prognosis

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16
Q

Trendelenburg sign

A

Gluteus medius - weak thigh abduction

‘waddling gait’

17
Q

Main supinator of the arm

A

Biceps brachii

Musculocutaneous N

18
Q

Main flexor of the arm

A

Brachialis

Musculocutaneous N

19
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A 
'SITS'
Supraspinatus -Abductor (Suprascap N)
Infraspinatus - lat rotator (")
Teres minor - " (Axillary N)
Subscapularis - " (Upper subscap N)

Abductors - supraspinatus and deltoid (Axillary N)

20
Q

Major blood supply to the femoral head

A

Medial femoral circumflex

*Obturator artery supplies only a small branch to the femoral head

21
Q

Triceps surae

A

Gastrocnemius and Soleus
(forms Achille’s tendon)

*posterior Leg Compartment
Superficial grp - Triceps surae, plantatris
Deep grp - politeus, FDL, FHL, Tibialis posterior

22
Q

Can’t stand on TIP TOES

A

Tibial Nerve Injury
(Plantarflexion)

*Tibial N gives rise to Plantar (Lat &Medial) Nerves which supplies the sole of the foot

23
Q

‘Steppage gait’

A

Common Peroneal Nerve Injury
(FOOT DROP - loss of dorsiflexion)

*Raise leg high then foot slaps to the floor when walking

24
Q

Triad of O Donoghue

A

ACL
MCL
Medial Meniscus

  • Ant Drawer - forward slide of TIBIA on flexion due to ACL rupture (LAX on FLEX)
  • Post Drawer - backward slide of TIBIA on extension due to PCL rupture (LAX on EXTENSION)
25
Q

First bone to undergo ossiication

A

Clavicle

26
Q

Contents of Carpal tunnel

A

Flexor Digi Superficialis tendon
Flexor Digi Profundus tendon
Flexor Pollicis Longus tendon
Median Nerve

‘FDS FDP FPL MN’
* formed by Flexor retinaculum (volar carpal lig + transverse carpal lig)

27
Q

Modulates cold sensation

A

Krausse’s end bulb

Modulates sensitivity to warmth - Ruffini’s endings
Modulates pressure sensation - Paccinian corpuscles
Modulates tactile sensation- Meissner’s corpuscles
Modulates thermoregulation - Auonomic endings

28
Q

Plummet Vinson Syndrome

A

IDA
Cervical Dysphagia
Atrophic oral mucosa( TongueCA)
Brittle spoon finger nails

29
Q

Sarcomere parts thatshortens during contraction

A

H & I bands

*A band does not shorten

30
Q 
Muscle proteins
Dystropin
Desmin
Capz
Titin
A

Dystrophin - attaches to plasmalemma
Desmin - Z line to plasma mem
Capz & Actinin - Actin to Z line
Titin - Myosin to Z line (bind M & Z)

31
Q

Proprioceptors

A

Muscle spindles

  • parallel pattern
  • Muscle LENGTH
  • RATE of change in Muscle Length

Golgi Tendon

  • series pattern
  • Muscle TENSION
32
Q 
Glycolipid Storage Diseases
Tay-Sach's Disease
Farber's Disease
Fabry's Disease
Krabbe's Disease
Gaucher's Disease
Niemann-Pick
A 
Tay-Sach's - Hexosaminidase def
Farber's -Ceramidase def
Fabry's  - £ Galactosidase def
Krabbe's - B Galactosidase def
Gaucher's  - B Glucosidase def
Niemann-Pick - Sphingonyelinase def
33
Q 
Lipiprotein Diseases
Type1 Familial Lipoprotein Lipase
Type2 Familial Hypercholeterolinemia
Type3 Familial Dysbetalipoproteinemia
Abetalipoproteinemia
Familial £ Lipoproteinemia Def
A

Type1 Lipoprotein Lipase def
Type2 Hypercholeterolinemia - LDL receptor def
Type3 Dysbetalipoproteinemia - Apo E def
Abetalipoproteinemia - Apo B100 & Apo B48 def
£ Lipoproteinemia - Apo I-A def
(Tangier’s Disease & Fisheye Disease)

34
Q

Amino acid used to determine Folic Acid Deficiency

A

Histamine
(N-ForIminoGlutamate Excretion Test)

  • high doses of Histamine ingestion causes increase excretion of FIGlu in urine of Folic Acud deficient pxs
35
Q

Only Non-CHIRAL Amino Acid

Only Amino Acid that has an IMINO group

A

Non-Chiral - Glycine

Imino group - Proline

36
Q

Menke’s Disease

A

Copper deficiency

*required by LYSYL OXIDASE, the key step in Covalent X-link formation to strengthen Collagens

37
Q

Mucopolysaccharide Diseases
Hunter’s
Hurler’s
Morquio’s

A

Hunter’s - Iduronate sulfatase def
Hurler’s - £ Iduronidase def
Morquio’s - Galactose 6 sulfatase def

*Morquio-no CNS abn

38
Q

Total purine = Total pyrimidine

A

Chargaff’s Rule

39
Q

Vit B

A 
B1-Thiamine
B2 - Riboflavin
B3 - Niacin
B5 - Pantothenic acid
B6 - Pyrodoxine
B7 - Biotin
B9 - Folc Acid
B12 - Cobalamin

MedBoardsPrep (17 decks)

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