Respiratory 3

Question 1

how to prevent RSV infection

Answer 1

-prophylaxis administration of Palirizumab (Synagis)
-IM every 30 days for 5 mos (in Oct) for infants at risk (ie/ if premature or less than 35 wks)
-respiratory synctial virus immune globulin
ie/RespiGam (used prophylactically to prevent RSV in higher risk infants)

Question 2

describe pneumonia

Answer 2

• infancy or early childhood
• d/t viral or bacterial infection of foreign body aspiration
• diagnosed by chest x-ray

Question 3

s/s of pneumonia

Answer 3

• cough
• fever
• abdominal pain
• headache
• adventitious breath sounds
• irritability and poor feeding

Question 4

treatment of pneumonia

Answer 4

• chest physiotherapy (CPT)
• cool mist humidifier
• antipyretics
• antibiotics (bacterial)
• encourage coughing
• encourage fluids PO (stay hydrated)
• isolation
• chest tubes -scrape and clean out then tubes if severe

Question 5

how is clinical pneumonia diagnosed

Answer 5

• auscultation

- NOT with chest x ray

Question 6

things to remember with pneumonia

Answer 6

• encourgae them to coug
• sometimes in isolation
• potential neb treatment (help keep airway open)
• assess for pain with coughing

Question 7

where is most pneumonia treated

Answer 7

• at home

- if hospitalized, RR, HR, temp, and pulse ox monitored

Question 8

what is given for comfort

Answer 8

acetaminophen and ibuprofen to help with temp and comfort

Question 9

goal of pneumonia treatment

Answer 9

restore optimal resp function

Question 10

how to prevent pneumonia

Answer 10

immunization (pneumococcal vaccine)

Question 11

children with HIV have increased risk for ____

Answer 11

TB

Question 12

how are children diagnosed with TB

Answer 12

• PPD (tuberculin skin test)
• sputum culture (diagnostic)
• if diagnosed with TB, tested for HIV

Question 13

s/s of TB

Answer 13

• malaise
• fever
• cough
• weight loss (anorexic)
• fatigue

Question 14

medical management of TB

Answer 14

• adequate nutrition
• chemotherapy
• general supportive measures
• prevention of exposure to other infections

Question 15

drug therapy of TB

Answer 15

• isoniazid (INH)
• rifampin
• pyrazinarnide (PZA)

Question 16

is TB a reportable disease

Answer 16

yes

Question 17

who is at risk for TB

Answer 17

child who travels, or has family with TB

Question 18

what is important to remember about TB

Answer 18

adhere to medicine regimen (up to 6 mos)

Question 19

nursing diagnoses for TB

Answer 19

• effective therapeutic regimen management
• risk for infection
• imbalanced nutrition

Question 20

most common chronic disease of childhood

primary cause of school absences

Answer 20

asthma

Question 21

asthma causes _________

Answer 21

heightened airway reactivity

Question 22

describe the airway of a pt with asthma

Answer 22

• obstruction
• inflammation
• hyperreactivity

Question 23

describe an acute reaction (asthma)

Answer 23

• bronchospasm response

- to trigger in 10-20 min

Question 24

describe late response (asthma)

Answer 24

-cellular phase of inflammation and airway hyperreactivity

Question 25

what can trigger asthma

Answer 25

``` exercise (vigorous) infectious agents allergens fragreneces cigarette smoke food odors ```

Question 26

assessment of asthma

Answer 26

LOC, RR, color, auscultation (status/wheezing), O2 sat, PaCo2, peak expiratory flow rate, accessory muscle use,

Question 27

asthma classifications

Answer 27

mild intermittnet mild persistent moderate persistent severe persistent (can be life threatening)

Question 28

QUICK RELIEF treatment of asthma

Answer 28

- short acting beta 2 agonist bronchodilator (inhaled or oral) - corticosteroids (aggressive form, oral is just as effective as IV) Methylprednisolone, prednisone

Question 29

what is the most effective way to take quick relief asthma drugs

Answer 29

inhaler is more effective than oral

Question 30

why is an oral corticosteroid a good option also for quick relief asthma drugs

Answer 30

starting an IV can be stressful, so oral corticosteroid can be just as effective