Genitourinary 2 Flashcards
describe Acute Glomerulonephritis
Kidney disorder characterized by inflammatory injury in the glomerulus, usually self-limiting, occurs suddenly, and resolves completely.
what is the treatment of acute glomerulonephritis
Resolve completely on own: no meds, unless BP is uncontrolled
Do NOT treat with antibiotics
how does acute glomerulonephritis develop
- Occurs following an immune reaction to Group A, beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection of the throat or skin
- *follows STREP throat
- ONLY go on antibiotics if strep is still present
- If strep is NOT there, glomerulonephritis is just side effect do NOT give antibiotics
what is acute glomerulonephritis characterized by
hematuria, proteinuria, edema, and renal insufficiency
differences between nephrosis and glomerulonephritis
Nephrosis: BP is mostly normal, urine appears normal
Glomerulonephritis: HTN can be present (abnormal BP), bad looking urine (ABNORMAL)
s/s of Post Streptococcal glomerulonephritis
- Hematuria is the number one sign and ranges from microscopic to gross
- Edema is usually in the morning and affects the eyelids and ankles
- Hypertension is present
- Decrease in urinary output is noted
when do clinical symptoms of Post Streptococcal glomerulonephritis appear
Clinical symptoms appear about 7 to 10 days after the strep infection
manifestations of Post Streptococcal glomerulonephritis
Edema Anorexia Urine is cloudy, smoky brown in color (looks BAD) Irritability Lethargy Child appears ill
treatment of Post Streptococcal glomerulonephritis
- Bedrest during the acute stage
- Monitor fluid and electrolyte imbalance
- Measure intake and output
- Daily weights
- Fluid restrictions (if ordered, only if needed)
- Sodium, potassium and protein intake will be limited – so make the most of the calories that are consumed
- Monitor vital signs closely & report any changes in mental status
when do you treat Post Streptococcal glomerulonephritis with meds
Do NOT treat unless further complication and it become necessary
Medications may include:
Antihypertensives – Apresoline
Diuretics – Lasix
Antibiotics therapy is employed only for children with evidence of persistent streptococcal infections
Post Streptococcal glomerulonephritisExpected outcomes
- Return to normal renal function
- Free from fever and secondary infection
- Sodium and potassium levels reflect adherence to dietary restrictions
- Return to pre-illness weight and tolerates daily intake that meets nutritional requirements
Most common cause of acute renal failure in children
Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome
what is Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome associated with
- Commonly associated with children ingesting beef contaminated with Escherichia coli (E. coli)
- esp found in uncooked hamburger meat
- If gets into system, goes to kidneys and can cause RENAL FAILURE
Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome treatment
Dialysis may be prescribed
Strict intake and output indicated
s/s of Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome
hypertension, pallor, bruising, oliguria, may have fever, anorexia, vomiting & diarrhea, abdominal pain, mild jaundice, edema or ascites – neurologic involvement includes irritability, lethargy, and seizures
