Immune Function 1 Flashcards
1
Q
what is the function of the immune system
A
- recognize foreign substances
- eliminate foreign substances
- produce antibodies to work against antigens
- prevent entry and remove foreign substances
2
Q
what is the body’s inate defenses
A
- natural immunity
- skin, body pH, maternal antibodies, inflammatory response, phagocytic response
- natural killer cells: attack infected cells
- complement proteins: work with antibody
3
Q
when do immunoglobulins develop
A
at different times throughout childhood/development
4
Q
what are the types of acquired immunity
A
- humoral (antibody mediated)
- cell mediated
5
Q
describe humoral immunity
A
antibody mediated
antibodies created by B lymphocytes (eventually memory B cells)
6
Q
describe cell medicated immunity
A
- T cells mature in thymus
- assist B lymphocytes to make antibodies
- killer T cells and eventually memory T cells
7
Q
immune diagnostics
A
- HIV test
- RAST
- skin reactions (intradermal skin testing)
8
Q
immune lab tests
A
- CBC
- complement
- immunoglobulins
9
Q
describe HIV
A
- immunodeficiency
- AIDS is caused by HIV
- HIV destroys body’s ability to fight infection
- *most HIV cases in children d/t perinatal trasmission
- leading cause of newly acquired HIV in teens is unprotected sex
10
Q
diagnoses of HIV
A
- HIV infected: 2 or more and HIV or clinical s/s of HIV infection or AIDS illness
- prenatally exposed: born to a mother known to be infected with HIV
- seroconverter: born to a mother known to be infected with HIV but has two negative HIV test
11
Q
what are the HIV classifications
A
- category N: not symptomatic
- category A: mildly symptomatic
- category B: moderately symptomatic
- category C: severely symptomatic, multiple recurrent serious bacterial infections
12
Q
HIV testing
A
- EIA &ELISA: most commonly used to identify HIV (positive results verified by western blot test)
- Western Blot test: definitive confirmatory test for HIV
- rapid HIV: useful for quick testing but may have false positive
13
Q
HIV nursing care
A
- close monitoring for s/s of infection
- hand hygiene, pathogen avoidance
- provide nutritional support
- keep skin & membranes healthy
- keep pain free
- teach prevention measures
- encouraged discussion
14
Q
HIV outcomes
A
- eliminate infection risk
- demonstrate good nutritional intake
- maintain intact skin an oral mucous membrane
- freedom from pain
- demonstrate knowledge about care and emotional health
15
Q
what is an immune deficiency
A
- reduction or loss of ability to identify and remove foreign substances
- treatment: prevent infection and enhance immunity