Respiratory!

Question 1

List the 1st generation of reversible H1 blockers

Answer 1

diphenhydramine
dimenhydrinate
chloropheniramine

Question 2

Clinical use of 1st generation H1 blockers

Answer 2

Allergy
Motion sickness
Sleep Aid

Question 3

Ist generation H1 blocker toxicities

Answer 3

sedation
antimuscarinic
anti-alpha-adrenergic

Question 4

List the 2nd gen H1 blocker

Answer 4

Loratidine
Fexofenadine
Desloratadine
cetirizine

Question 5

2nd gen H1 blockers used for

Answer 5

allergy

Question 6

compare the sedation by gen 1 vs Gen 2 H1 blocker

Answer 6

1st generation far more sedative power

Question 7

which asthma therapies are directed against the inflammatory response

Answer 7

The corticosteroids
antileukotrienes
omalizumab

Question 8

Which asthma therapy are directed against the parasympathetic tone

Answer 8

B2 agonist
theophylline
ipatropium and tiotropium

Question 9

List the B2- agonist used for asthma

Answer 9

Albuterol
Salmeterol
Formeterol

Question 10

Albuterol MOA and when to use

Answer 10

Acute exacerbation- relaxes bronchial smooth muscle

Question 11

Salmeterol and formeterol are used for

toxicites

Answer 11

Long lasting b2 agonist for prophylaxis

arrythmias and tremor

Question 12

Theophylline (a methylxanthine) MOA and use

Answer 12

Bronchodilation by inhibiting phosphodiesterase decreasing cAMP hydrolysis. Asthma

Question 13

Theophylline toxicity

Answer 13

cardiotoxic
neurotoxic
blocks action of adenosine–arrythmias

Question 14

Ipratropium/tiotropium MOA and use

Answer 14

Asthma and COPD

competitive blocker of muscarinic receptors preventing BC

Question 15

how is tiotropium different from ipatropium

Answer 15

it is a long term muscarinic antagonist

Question 16

List the corticosteroids used for asthma

Answer 16

Beclomethasone

Fluticasone

Question 17

Beclomethasone and Fluticasone MOA

Answer 17

Inhibit cytokines

inactivates NF-KB( TF that induces prod of TNF-Alpha)

Question 18

What is the first line treatment for chronic asthma

Answer 18

Beclomethasone and fluticasone

Question 19

Montelukast and Zafirlukast MOa and use

Answer 19

Block leukotriene receptors

Asthma

Question 20

These two are used for ASA induced asthma

Answer 20

Montelukast and zafirlukast

Question 21

Zileuton MOA and use

Answer 21

a 5-lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor–blocks conversion of arachidonic acid to leukotriens
Asthma

Question 22

Omalizumab MOA and use

Answer 22

Monoclonal anti-IgE antibody

Allergic asthma resistant to inhaled steroids and long last B2 agonists

Question 23

Guaifenesin is a

Answer 23

Expectorant that thins respiratory secretion but does not suppress cough

Question 24

N-acetylcysteine is a

Answer 24

mucolytic

Question 25

N-acetylcysteine uses

Answer 25

Mucolytic to loosen mucous plug in CF pts | antidote for acetaminophen overdose

Question 26

Bosentan MOA

Answer 26

competitively antagonist of endothelin-1 receptor---decrease pul vascular resistance

Question 27

Bosentan use

Answer 27

Pulmonary arterial HTN

Question 28

Dextromethorphan MOA

Answer 28

antitussive--anticough | NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist

Question 29

Pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine use

Answer 29

``` Reduce hyperemia Edema Nasal congestion to open obstructed eustachian tubes stimulant (psuedoephedrine) ```

Question 30

Pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine toxicity

Answer 30

HTN | CNS stimulation/anxiety--pseudoephedrine

Question 31

Methacholine is used for and MOA

Answer 31

asthma challenge test---muscarinic receptor agonist

Question 32

Treatment for cyanide poisoning

Answer 32

Nitrates and then thiosulfate

Question 33

MOA by which nitrates and thiosulfate help cyanide poisoning

Answer 33

oxidizes from fe2+ to F3+. (methhemoglobin) Fe3+ cannot bind O2 but has great affinity for CN this sets cyt oxidase free. Thiosulfate binds CN=thiocyanide to pee out

Question 34

Treatment for methemoglobin ie Nitrate poisoning/sulfa drugs | and MOA

Answer 34

Methylene blue | Fe3+ back to fe2+

Question 35

Treatment for CO poisoning

Answer 35

100% oxygen or | hyperbaric o2 chamber