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Pharmacology > Respiratory! > Flashcards

Respiratory! Flashcards

1
Q

List the 1st generation of reversible H1 blockers

A

diphenhydramine
dimenhydrinate
chloropheniramine

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2
Q

Clinical use of 1st generation H1 blockers

A

Allergy
Motion sickness
Sleep Aid

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3
Q

Ist generation H1 blocker toxicities

A

sedation
antimuscarinic
anti-alpha-adrenergic

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4
Q

List the 2nd gen H1 blocker

A

Loratidine
Fexofenadine
Desloratadine
cetirizine

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5
Q

2nd gen H1 blockers used for

A

allergy

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6
Q

compare the sedation by gen 1 vs Gen 2 H1 blocker

A

1st generation far more sedative power

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7
Q

which asthma therapies are directed against the inflammatory response

A

The corticosteroids
antileukotrienes
omalizumab

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8
Q

Which asthma therapy are directed against the parasympathetic tone

A

B2 agonist
theophylline
ipatropium and tiotropium

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9
Q

List the B2- agonist used for asthma

A

Albuterol
Salmeterol
Formeterol

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10
Q

Albuterol MOA and when to use

A

Acute exacerbation- relaxes bronchial smooth muscle

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11
Q

Salmeterol and formeterol are used for

toxicites

A

Long lasting b2 agonist for prophylaxis

arrythmias and tremor

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12
Q

Theophylline (a methylxanthine) MOA and use

A

Bronchodilation by inhibiting phosphodiesterase decreasing cAMP hydrolysis. Asthma

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13
Q

Theophylline toxicity

A

cardiotoxic
neurotoxic
blocks action of adenosine–arrythmias

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14
Q

Ipratropium/tiotropium MOA and use

A

Asthma and COPD

competitive blocker of muscarinic receptors preventing BC

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15
Q

how is tiotropium different from ipatropium

A

it is a long term muscarinic antagonist

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16
Q

List the corticosteroids used for asthma

A

Beclomethasone

Fluticasone

17
Q

Beclomethasone and Fluticasone MOA

A

Inhibit cytokines

inactivates NF-KB( TF that induces prod of TNF-Alpha)

18
Q

What is the first line treatment for chronic asthma

A

Beclomethasone and fluticasone

19
Q

Montelukast and Zafirlukast MOa and use

A

Block leukotriene receptors

Asthma

20
Q

These two are used for ASA induced asthma

A

Montelukast and zafirlukast

21
Q

Zileuton MOA and use

A

a 5-lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor–blocks conversion of arachidonic acid to leukotriens
Asthma

22
Q

Omalizumab MOA and use

A

Monoclonal anti-IgE antibody

Allergic asthma resistant to inhaled steroids and long last B2 agonists

23
Q

Guaifenesin is a

A

Expectorant that thins respiratory secretion but does not suppress cough

24
Q

N-acetylcysteine is a

A

mucolytic

25
Q

N-acetylcysteine uses

A

Mucolytic to loosen mucous plug in CF pts

antidote for acetaminophen overdose

26
Q

Bosentan MOA

A

competitively antagonist of endothelin-1 receptor—decrease pul vascular resistance

27
Q

Bosentan use

A

Pulmonary arterial HTN

28
Q

Dextromethorphan MOA

A

antitussive–anticough

NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist

29
Q

Pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine use

A 
Reduce hyperemia 
Edema
Nasal congestion
to open obstructed  eustachian tubes
stimulant (psuedoephedrine)
30
Q

Pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine toxicity

A

HTN

CNS stimulation/anxiety–pseudoephedrine

31
Q

Methacholine is used for and MOA

A

asthma challenge test—muscarinic receptor agonist

32
Q

Treatment for cyanide poisoning

A

Nitrates and then thiosulfate

33
Q

MOA by which nitrates and thiosulfate help cyanide poisoning

A

oxidizes from fe2+ to F3+. (methhemoglobin)
Fe3+ cannot bind O2 but has great affinity for CN
this sets cyt oxidase free.
Thiosulfate binds CN=thiocyanide to pee out

34
Q

Treatment for methemoglobin ie Nitrate poisoning/sulfa drugs

and MOA

A

Methylene blue

Fe3+ back to fe2+

35
Q

Treatment for CO poisoning

A

100% oxygen or

hyperbaric o2 chamber

Pharmacology (13 decks)

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