Respiratory

Question 1

Causes of raised TLCO

Answer 1

SHAPE
- Shunts (left-to-right)
- Haemorrhage (pulmonary)
- Asthma
- Polycythaemia
- Exercise

Question 2

Worsening asthma, eosinophilia, tram-track appearance in CXR

Answer 2

ABPA - Rx oral glucocorticoids

Question 3

Causes of oxygen dissociation curve shifting to left

Answer 3

The L rule
Shifts to L → Lower oxygen delivery, caused by
Low [H+] (alkali)
Low pCO2
Low 2,3-DPG
Low temperature
Also HbF, methhb, carboxyhb

Question 4

Dyspnoea, obstructive pattern on spirometry in patient with rheumatoid

Answer 4

bronchiolitis obliterans

Question 5

Smoking cessation therapy?

Answer 5

Varenicline, Nicotine Replacement Therapy, bupropion

Question 6

Sign of good prognosis in sarcoidosis

Answer 6

erythema nodosum

Question 7

Contraindications to lung ca surgery

Answer 7

ROPE - Reduced FEV1 <1.5, Obstruction of the SVC, Paralysis of vocal cords, Effusion (malignant)

Question 8

Upper zone fibrosis

Answer 8

CHARTS
C - Coal worker’s pneumoconiosis
H - Histiocytosis/ hypersensitivity pneumonitis
A - Ankylosing spondylitis
R - Radiation
T - Tuberculosis
S - Silicosis/sarcoidosis

Question 9

Type of lung mets in chondrosarcoma or osteosarcoma.

Answer 9

Calcification

Question 10

Indications for corticosteroid treatment for sarcoidosis

Answer 10

parenchymal lung disease, uveitis, hypercalcaemia and neurological or cardiac involvement

Question 11

chest pain with menstruation

Answer 11

catamenial ptx