Cardiology Flashcards
What is the type of ecg rhythm if the ventricular rate is a multiple of the atrial conduction rate
Atrial Flutter
Which drug has maximal long term prognosis benefit in a patient with stable angina
Aspirin
Which type of valve is used for aortic and mitral replacement in patients younger than 65? What medication is given along with it?
Mechanical, Warfarin
Inf. Endo Rx - Initial blind treatment, 1) Native Valve, 2) Sepsis, MSRA, Penicillin allergy in native valve, 3)Prosthetic valve.
1) Amox + consider genta
2) Genta + Vanco
3) Genta + Vanco + Rifampicin
What mutation is seen in Brugada syndrome?
Mutations in the SCN5A gene which encode the myocardial sodium ion channel protein
Target INR for dental procedure?
Dentistry in warfarinised patients - check INR 72 hours before procedure, proceed if INR < 4.0
AF not self terminated for 7 days is termed as?
Persistent AF
Which electrolyte abnormalities causes prolonged QT?
hypokalaemia, hypocalcaemia and hypomagnesaemia.
Large vessel disease, radiating to carotids, early disastolic aortic murmur and systolic bp differential in arms
Takayasu arteritis
What medication worsens glycaemic control?
Bendroflumethazide
Mechanical valves - target INR? For aortic and mitral.
Mechanical valves - target INR:
aortic: 3.0
mitral: 3.5
Drugs causing secondary htn
steroids
monoamine oxidase inhibitors
combined oral contraceptive pill
NSAIDs
leflunomide
Inherited long qt syndrome causes
Jervell-Lange-Nielsen syndrome (includes sensorineural deafness and is due to an abnormal potassium channel)
Romano-Ward syndrome (no deafness)
Afro Carrbibean ethnicity, 2nd line anti htn after ccb?
ARB preferred over AceI
Which drug to avoid in wpw
Verapamil, digoxin
Tricuspid regurgitation + WPW syndrome
Ebstein abnormality due to lithium exposure in utero. Associated with PFO, ASD and WPW
Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure measures which part of the heart
Left atrium measurement using swan-ganz catheter
Reversal of dabigatran
Idarucizumab
Prophylaxis of svt in pregnancy
Metoprolol
Duke criteria for IE
Pathology positive
2 major - Pathology and echo rest minor
1 major, 3 minor
5 minor
Criteria
FIVE BD
F - fever more than 38
I - immunological like osler node, roth spots
V - vascular phenomena like janeway lesions, splinter hemorrhage
E - endocardial involvement
B - blood culture
D - previous drug use
Treatment of prinzmetal angina
Dihydropiridine ccb like felodipine
