Respiratory

Question 1

What are the part of the upper respiratory?

Answer 1

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Paranasal Sinuses

Question 2

The volume of air inspired and expired during normal quiet breathing is?

Answer 2

Tidal volume

Question 3

The site of external respiration is?

Answer 3

Alveolar-capillary membrane

Question 4

Hypoventilation is?

Answer 4

Decreased filling of alveoli leading to high blood (CO@) and low blood PH

Question 5

A 55yr male presents to the hospital with SOB, coughing, difficulty breathing with an increase in activity, and wheezing. Upon examination his skin has a pink he and he has a barrel-chest appearance. He reports recent weight loss with no significant changes to his eating patterns. He also reports a 40yr history of smoking. What is likely his diagnosis?

Answer 5

Emphysema

Question 6

A 75yr old female presents to the ER after her family found her unconscious in her bedroom. She demonstrates regular deep inspirations followed by inadequate expirations. What type of breathing patterns is this?

Answer 6

Apneustic

Question 7

A 75yr old female presents to the ER after family found her unconscious in her bedroom. She demonstrates regular deep inspirations followed by inadequate expirations. What is the prognosis of this type of breathing pattern?

Answer 7

Poor

Question 8

True or False

Clubbing is often acquired and can be reversed if the underlying causes is treated?

Answer 8

True

Question 9

According to the unit material what are typical symptoms of respiratory disease?

Answer 9

Abnormal Sputum

Question 10

Describe pleural effusion?

Answer 10

The accumulation of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura

Question 11

What conditions may result in hypoventilation?

Answer 11

Obesity
Stroke
Medications like opioids and benzos

Question 12

What respiration s are characterized by regular deep inspirations with an inspiratory pause and then followed by inadequate respirations and is often a sign of sever brain injury?

Question 13

A premature newborn at 28 weeks gestation demonstrates difficulty with breathing after birth. The nurse notes labored efforts, such as “grunting” sounds with each breath. The infant is diagnosed with infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) due to underdeveloped lungs.

What is the mechanism of action of this substance secreted by the implicated cells?

Answer 13

Breaks hydrogen bonds and limits water surface tension

Question 14

A premature newborn at 28 weeks gestation demonstrates difficulty with breathing after birth. The nurse notes labored efforts, such as “grunting” sounds with each breath. The infant is diagnosed with infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) due to underdeveloped lungs.

True or False

The newborn can be given a synthetic formula of this substance to aid their breathing and lung function.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

A premature newborn at 28 weeks gestation demonstrates difficulty with breathing after birth. The nurse notes labored efforts, such as “grunting” sounds with each breath. The infant is diagnosed with infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) due to underdeveloped lungs.

What substance do the implicated cell secrete?

Answer 15

Surfactant

Question 16

A premature newborn at 28 weeks gestation demonstrates difficulty with breathing after birth. The nurse notes labored efforts, such as “grunting” sounds with each breath. The infant is diagnosed with infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) due to underdeveloped lungs.

What lung cells do you suspect are not developed and are contributing to the respiratory distress in this infant?

Answer 16

Type II alveolar cells

Question 17

What is the typical symptoms of respiratory disease?

Answer 17

Dyspnea

Question 18

What would be expected from a person with a restrictive lung disease?

Answer 18

Decreased FVC and TLC
FEV1 that is normal or slightly reduced
Ratio of FEV1 to FVC is normal or increased

Question 19

True or False

Obstructive diseases are generally characterized by difficulty with exhalation, but can also affect inhalation

Answer 19

True

Question 20

True or False

Restrictive disease pathophysiology may be related to fibrosis or pulmonary tissue.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What is inspiratory reserve volume?

Answer 21

The extra volume of air that can be inhaled after normal quiet respiration

Question 22

What is the difference between obstructive and restrictive lung disease?

Answer 22

Obstructive disease are characterized by difficulty with expiration

Question 23

What is vital capacity?

Answer 23

The greatest volume of the can be forcefully exhaled from the lungs after fully inhaling.

Question 24

True or False

Obstructive diseases are generally characterized by the inability to fully exhale

Answer 24

True

Question 25

What classification of emphysema is associated with alpha one antitrypsin deficiency?

Answer 25

Panacinar

Question 26

Which obstructive disease is often associated with a pinkish hue to skin due to CO2 retention?

Question 27

True or False COPD can be increased air remaining in the lungs at the beginning of each breath leading to hyperinflation.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

True or False Asthma is characterized by acute, fully reversible narrowing of the airways and inflammation

Answer 28

True

Question 29

True or False Asthma results in increased mucus production that leads to airway resistance.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

What type of lung disease classification would classify emphysema?

Answer 30

Obstructive

Question 31

What signs are very common in emphysema?

Answer 31

Pursed lip breathing

Question 32

What classification of lung disease is COPD?

Answer 32

Obstructive

Question 33

A progressive lung disease and form of COPD that destroys air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles

Answer 33

Emphysema

Question 34

What is characterized by permanent widening of the bronchial airways.

Answer 34

Bronchiectasis

Question 35

What are typical signs of bronchiectasis?

Question 36

What is the pathophysiology of bronchiectasis?

Question 37

True or False Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease

Answer 37

True

Question 38

True or False Bronchiolitis can be progress to respirator failure in infants

Answer 38

True

Question 39

What are four conditions associated with community-acquired pneumonia?

Answer 39

Blastomyces Hemophilus Influenzae Pneumococcus RSV

Question 40

What is usually the cause of pneumonia?

Answer 40

Viral, bacterial, or fungal infection

Question 41

True or False Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is related to reduced inspiratory lung expansion and impaired gas exchange and can lead to hypoxic respiratory failure

Answer 41

True

Question 42

Ture or False Pulmonary fibrosis is a restrictive lung disease classified by scarring of the lung with an unknown etiology

Answer 42

True

Question 43

What is a life threating lung condition characterized by poor oxygenation and non-compliant lung tissue?

Answer 43

Respiratory Distress syndrome

Question 44

What is the 1st step of acute respiratory distress syndrome?

Answer 44

Alveolar membrane damage

Question 45

What classifications are used for how pneumonia is acquired?

Answer 45

Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP)

Question 46

What is often associated with compromised immunity?

Answer 46

Pneumonia

Question 47

When is hMPV most active?

Answer 47

Late winter and spring

Question 48

What is the hallmark sign of diptheria?

Answer 48

Thick gray or white, adherent layer over the tonsils and throat.

Question 49

What is the most common non-small cell lung cancer among non-smokers

Answer 49

Adenocarcinoma

Question 50

What is the appearance of small cell lung cancer?

Question 51

What cells are very common in the pleural space, initiate a response to noxious stimuli, and are involved in malignancy of the lungs?

Answer 51

Mesothelial cells