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Physiology Final > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

What state of the general adaptation syndrome is associated with the disease as a. result?

A

exhaustion

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2
Q

What is the first stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome?

A

Alarm

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3
Q

A sympathetic response can summarize the events of which stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome?

A

Alarm

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4
Q

Teeth spacing due to bone growth is commonly associated with which endocrine disorder?

A

acromegaly

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5
Q

Height-vertex below. two. standard deviations is indicative of:

A

Pituitary dwarfism

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6
Q

Who would you expect to have the highest prolactin level:

Female, mid-cycle
Female- second trimester of pregnancy
Make 21-30
Make 61-70

A

Female- second-trimester of pregnancy

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7
Q

If the hypothalamus is damaged and is not producing CRH, what hormone from the pituitary gland would be deficient in the body?

A

Adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH)

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8
Q

What is the indication of excessive growth hormone after the growth phase?

A

Acromegaly

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9
Q

What is the term when all pituitary hormones are lacking?

A

Panhypopituitarism

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10
Q

What is described as urine volume above 2.5L/day due to a lack of hormone production?

A

Central diabetes Insipidus

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11
Q

SIADH and diabetes insipid relate to ADH production levels. What structure releases ADH?

A

Posterior Pituitary

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12
Q

A patient is demonstrating limited urine output due to excessive ADH production. What would be the expected signs and symptoms?

A

Hyponatremia

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13
Q

A patient is demonstrating limited urine output due to excessive ADH production. What would be expected signs and symptoms?

A

Cellular Swelling

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14
Q

Dilute urine, polydipsia, and polyuria are signs and symptoms of what condition?

A

Diabetes insipidus

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15
Q

What condition results in the inability to excrete excess body water?

A

Syndrome of inappropriate ADH

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16
Q

What would you expect from the condition of hypothyroidism?

A

Weight gain

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17
Q

What is a character sign of exophthalmos?

A

Graves disease

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18
Q

A sympathetic response can summarize the events of which stage of the General Adaptation. Syndrome?

A

Alarm

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19
Q

What is associated with the alarm stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome?

A

Increased cardiac output

20
Q

When the testes either produce insufficient testosterone or when the testies are not. adequately stimulated to synthesize testosterone, what is the condition?

A

Hypogonadism

21
Q

If there is a problem at the pituitary gland in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis. what pituitary hormone would be deficient?

A

LH

22
Q

If there is a problem at the pituitary gland in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal. axis. What pituitary hormone would be deficient?

A

FSH

23
Q

Functional ovarian hyperandrogenism is often the cause of what gonadal endocrine disturbance?

A

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)

24
Q

What is due to excessive aldosterone release from the adrenal glands?

A

Primary hyperaldosteronism

25
Q

What is the results of an increased secretion of medullary catecholamines?

A

Pheochromocytoma

26
Q

What is a symptom of Cushing Disease?

A

Erectile Dysfunction

27
Q

Damage to the zona fasciculate of the adrenal gland would cause a deficiency of what hormone?

A

Cortisone

28
Q

What adrenal tumor has the highest 5-year survival? rate?

A
29
Q

What condition is related to a hypo-secretion of both cortisol and aldosterone secretion?

A

Addisons disease

30
Q

What is the most common type of cancerous adrenal tumor?

A

Adrenocortical carcinoma

31
Q

Poor wound healing is associated with what adrenal cortex condition?

A

Cushing disease

32
Q

Damage to what cells would cause glucagon deficiency?

A

Alpha cells of the pancreas

33
Q

What type of diabetes mellitus is typically an immune disease of children with the destruction of pancreatic islets?

A

Type 1

34
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus?

A

HbA1C level of 6.5 % or higher

35
Q

What is the measure of long-term blood glucose control due to the deposition of sugar on hemoglobin molecules seen in chronic hyperglycemia?

A

HbA1C

36
Q

A HbA1c result of 9% indicated an mean blood glucose of ?

A

215mg/dL

37
Q

what would lead you to suspect diabetic ketoacidosis?

A

pH less than 7.3

38
Q

Hyperparathyroidism results in?

A

Hypercalcemia

39
Q

What are two things hyperparathyriodism results in?

A

Bone resorption
Bone pain

40
Q

What is a deficiency of thyroid hormone present at birth?

A

Congenital hypothyroidism

41
Q

What is autoimmune disorder of the thyroid which leads to low thyroid hormone levels?

A

Hashimoto thyroiditis

42
Q

What is the antibody that mimics TSH in Graves disease?

A

thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI)

43
Q

What hormone is a synergist with thyroid hormone and causes connective tissue sythesis and deposits?

A

Growth hormone

44
Q

What condition would you expect with hypothyroidism?

A

Bradycardia

45
Q
A

Physiology Final (10 decks)

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