respiratory

Question 1

Most common symptom of respiratory disease

Answer 1

Cough

Question 2

Acute Viral Rhinitis

Answer 2

Aka common cold
Inflammation of the nasal mucosa
No cure, treat symptoms –NO ANTIBIOTICS
Fluids (2-4 L day)

Question 3

Blow nose properly –>

Answer 3

Both nostrils and mouth open

Question 4

Influenza

Answer 4

Acute Viral Infection w/ abrupt onset of symptoms
Direct/ indirect
2 main strains(A/B)
Recovery may require 2-3 weeks

Question 5

Biggest prevention mechanism for flu–>

Answer 5

Hand-washing

Question 6

Complications of the flu

Answer 6

Bacterial pneumonia

Tracheobronchitis

Question 7

Contraindications of flu vaccine

Answer 7

Gillian barre

Hypersensitivity to eggs

Question 8

Prevents or reduces symptoms in HIGH RISK pt Exposed to flu, but NOT VACCINATED

Answer 8

Rimantadine (Flumadine)
Or
Amantadine (Symmeteral)

Question 9

Side Effects of Amantadine (Symmetrel)

Answer 9

Heartburn

Hallucinations

Question 10

Needs to be given w/ 2 days of symptom onset for flu to reduce symptoms and severity

Answer 10

Zanamivir (Relenza)& Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)

Question 11

Prevents virus budding and spreading to other cells

Answer 11

Zanamivir (Relenza) & Osteltamivir (Tamiflu)

Question 12

Infection of the mucous membrane of ONE of the para nasal sinuses

Answer 12

Sinusitis

Question 13

Most frequently affected by sinusitis

Answer 13

Maxillary Sinus

Question 14

Sinusitis of this can –> brain infections

Answer 14

Frontal Sinus

Question 15

Diagnostics for Acute Sinusitis

Answer 15

X-ray & CT Scan

Question 16

Antitussives

Answer 16

aid in reducing cough tendency–>DRY HACKING COUGH
Affect cough center & nasal mucosa
Non-narcotics (Benylin DMV, Novahistine)
Action 15-20mims; last 3-8hrs

Question 17

Dose of Antitussives

Answer 17

30 mg oral
10-30 q 4-8hrs
Max 120 mg/24 hrs

Question 18

Narcotics (Codeine)

Answer 18

Direct depressant effect on cough center in medulla

Symptom relief of NON-PRODUCTIVE COUGH

Question 19

Acute Pharynigitis

Answer 19

Inflammation of pharyngeal walls ( may include tonsils, palate, ulna)

Viral, bacterial (70%), or fungal

Question 20

OSA

Answer 20

Sleep Apnea

Question 21

Sleep apnea

Answer 21

Upper airway obstruction during sleep (partial/complete)

Tongue & soft palate fall backward obstructing pharynx

Question 22

Apnea

Answer 22

Absence of breathing (15-90 secs)

Airflow decreases 30-50%

Question 23

Hypopnea

Answer 23

Abnormally shallow breathing

Question 24

Hypercapnia

Answer 24

Increased PaCO2

Question 25

Hypoxemia

Answer 25

Decreased PaO2

Question 26

Risk factors for OSA (sleep apnea)

Answer 26

65+ 
Male 
Obese
Neck circumference >17 in
Craniofacial abnormalities
Sm anatomical pharyngeal airway

Question 27

Clinical manifestations of OSA

Answer 27

Loud, snoring, gasping, and jerking movements
Frequent awakening at night
Insomnia – excessive day time sleepiness

systemic HTN & Cardiac arrhythmias = serious complications!

Question 28

Polysomnography

Answer 28

Sleep study!

Question 29

Tx of Severe OSA

Answer 29

CPAP (high flow - prevents airway collapses) 
or 
BiPAP
or 
Surgical Interventions

Question 30

Surgical Management of OSA

Answer 30

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
GAHM
Laser assisted UPPP (LAUP)

Question 31

UPPP (UP3)

Answer 31

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Sx intervention for OSA

Question 32

GAHM

Answer 32

Genoglossal advancement hyoid mayotomy

Question 33

Most dangerous problem related to the larynx

Answer 33

Obstruction

Question 34

Glottis

Answer 34

Narrowest part of adult airway

Site where foreign objects stick

Question 35

Most common symptom of Laryngeal Polyps

Answer 35

Hoarseness