Respiratory Flashcards
Viral vs bacterial rhinosinusitis
Viral: No fever, early resolution of fever, resolution before 10th day
Bacterial: Fever > 3 days, recurrent fever, persistent symptoms > 10 days
Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Triad
Dextrocardia, bronchiectasis, sinusitis
Early presentation of PCD (in order):
• Neonatal TTN > Delayed speech due to recurrent OM > Chronic sinusitis (Bilateral purulent discharge)
Kartagner Syndrome
Situs inversus Recurrent sinusitis Bronchioectesis Dextrocardia Infertility
Cystic fibrosis has increased risk of which syndromes?
psedobarter syndrome and Distal intestinal obstruction syndrome
Cystic Fibrosis mode of inheritance?
Autosomal recessive
Cystic Fibrosis diagnosis?
Typical Sx of CF + CFTR dysfunction:
- Sweat chloride ≥ 60 mmol/L on two occasions
- OR CFTR gene mutation
- OR abnormal nasal potential difference test
Risk of psedobarter syndrome:
- HypoNa + HypoK + HypoCl + Metabolic alkalosis
Distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS) treatment
- IF no vomiting: electrolytes intestinal lavage solution (GoLYTELY)
- IF vomiting: Hyperosmolar enema + GoLYTELY
Distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS) symptoms
Abdominal pain + RLQ mass + stool retention/fluid level in xray
Most common pathogen for infants with CF and treatment
Staph A
IV Vancomycin
Foreign body aspiration Most common location
Right bronchus
Foreign body aspiration management
Rigid bronchoscopy
Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea pathophysiology
Adenotonsillar hypertrophy
Daytime symptoms of OSA in children include
Inattention, learning difficulties, behavioral problems
Cholesteatoma is benign growth of
Squamous epithelium
Cholesteatoma can present with
Chronic otorrhea and conductive hearing loss
Cholesteatoma examonation
Pearly white mass (anterosuperior quadrant of TM)
Cholesteatoma Tx
Sx excision
Otitis externa most common organism
 pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Otitis externa risk factor
Water exposure
Otitis externa symptoms
Tympanic membrane spared, ear canal erythema and edema
Otitis externa Tx
—-
When is Topical Ciprofloxacin contraindicated?
tympanic membrane perforation
Treatment of mastoiditis
Vancomycin
Risk factors for acute otitis media
Passive cigarette smoke
Pacifier use
Bottle feed
Day care
Acute Otitis Media Tx
Amoxicillin
Acute Otitis Media duration of treatment
10 d if 6 m to 2 yrs
5 days if > 2 yrs
Recurrent AOM in less than 30 days / refractory symptoms after 2-3 days Tx
Augmentin
Major criteria in asthma predictive illness
Eczema
Parent with asthma
 positive skin test for aeroallergen
Asthma spirometry
- FEV1/FVC < 80%
- Reversibility test: FEV1 increase by 12% (200ml)
- Exercise/Methacholine challenge test: Worsening FEV1/FVC by 20%
- Peak expiratory flow (PEF) diurnal variability 60L/m or 20% from the baseline
