Respiratory Flashcards
Thin scroll-like bones in the nasal passage
Nasal Turbinates
The opening into the larynx, made up ofthe arytenoid cartilages and the vocal cords.
Glottis
What is the name of the division of the trachea into the two main bronchi?
Bifurcation of the trachea
From outside in name the main structures of the upper respiratory tract
Nostrils Nasal passages Pharynx Larynx Trachea
From outside in name the main structures of the lower respiratory tract
Bronchi Bronchioles Alveolar ducts Alveoli
Name the 2 main systems that control breathing and what they do.
- Mechanical system: that sets routine inspiration and expiration limits. 2. Chemical system: that monitors the levels of certain substances in the blood and directs adjustments in breathing if they get out of balance
What is the purpose of the hyaline cartilage rings?
To hold the trachea open and prevent it from collapsing on itself when the animal inhales.
What are the main inspiratory muscles?
Diaphragm and external intercostal muscles.
What are the main expiratory muscles?
Internal intercostal muscles and the abdominal muscles.
What’s external respiration?
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air inhaled into the lungs and the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries.
What’s internal respiration?
the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood in the capillaries all over the body and all of the cells and tissues
Where is breathing controlled and what is it known as?
by an area in the medulla oblongata and it’s known as the respiratory center
what is another term for voice production
phonation
what is the larynx commonly reffered to as?
voice box
The passageways that lead from the ______ to the ______ are called the bronchial tree.
bronchi
alveoli
What seperates the left nasal passage from the right?
Nasal septum
What does the upper respiratory tract consist of?
The nose, pharynx, larynx, and trachea
What area of the medulla oblongata in the brainstem controls breathing?
respiratory center
where does external respiration take place
in the aveoli
what are the 2 main systems that control breathing
mechanical system and chemical system
where does internal respiration take place
in the cells and tissuse of the body
In order from outside to in the main structures of the upper respiratory tract are
Nostrils, Nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea
In order from outside in, the main structures of the lower respiratory tract are
Bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli
What does the term stenotic nares mean
The nostrils are pinched or narrow
Normal Canine RR
10-30
Normal Feline RR
24-42
Air, blood, lymph and nerves enter and leave the lung at the _____, located on the medial side
Hilus.
What do you call the movement of air between the atmosphere and the lungs?
Ventilation
Air that is still in the lungs after a forced expiration is?
Residual volume
What is pneumonia?
Inflammation of the lungs caused by bacteria, viruses or chemical irritants.
What are the 2 kinds of respiration that are constantly going on in the body?
External respiration and Internal respiration
What is the “passageway” that divide each nasal?
Nasal Metus
What are 3 charateristics important to the control of the breathing process?
CO2 content, pH and O2 content of arterial blood
