Digestive

Question 1

What are the contractions that move food along the digestive tract called?

Answer 1

Peristalsis (peristaltic contractions)

Question 2

What enzyme is found the saliva of omnivores, but not in the saliva of carnivores?

Answer 2

Amylase

Question 3

What sphincter seperates the stomach from the small intestine?

Answer 3

Pylorus (pyloric sphincter)

Question 4

What are the basic functions of the digestive tract?

Answer 4

1. Prehension (grasping) of food with the lips or teeth. 2. Mastication, the mechanical grinding and breaking down of food. 3. Chemical digestion of food 4. Absorption of nutrients and water 5. Elimination of wastes.

Question 5

What is the difference between peristaltic contractions and segmental contractions?

Answer 5

Peristaltic contractions move contents along the digestive tract. Segmental contractions cause back-and-forth mixing movements of the digestive tract contents.

Question 6

What are digestive enzymes?

Answer 6

Proteins that promote the chemical reactions that split complex food molecules up into simpler compounds.

Question 7

How many teeth do canines have (deciduous and adult)?

Answer 7

Deciduous: 28

Adult: 42

Question 8

What are the 5 parts of a monogastric stomach?

Answer 8

Cardia, Fundus, Body, Pyloric Antrum, Pylorus

Question 9

What are the functions of Prostaglandins E and I?

Answer 9

Reduce stomach’s hydrochloric acid production and stimulate production of the protective mucous layer within the stomach.

Question 10

3 segments of the small intestine

Answer 10

duodenum, jejunum, and ileum

Question 11

Name the layers that makes up the GI wall

Answer 11

1) the mucosa, the lining layer
2) the submucosa, beneath the mucosa
3) the thick muscle layer, outside the submucosa
4) the serosa, outermost layer

Question 12

The muscles that make the digestive tube

Answer 12

skeletsl muscles and smooth muscle

Question 13

what are rugae?

Answer 13

multiple long folds in the stomach, commonly seen on endoscopic exam

Question 14

Breaks in the suface of mucous and in the underlying mucousa are called erisions. What are deep erosions called?

Answer 14

Gastric Ulcers

Question 15

what organ is both an exocrine and endocrine gland that is associated with the digestive system?

Answer 15

pancreas

Question 16

What is a blood protein that the liver provides a major source of?

Answer 16

albumin

Question 17

What cells in the pancreas produce glucagon?

Answer 17

alpha cells

Question 18

Glucose gets stored as glycogen in the liver by a process called…

Answer 18

glycogenesis

Question 19

mechanical digestion is known as

Answer 19

mastication

Question 20

the gallbladder is a storage compartment for what ?

Answer 20

bile

Question 21

the liver is the major source of what blood protein?

Answer 21

albumin

Question 22

What does the mouth do?

Answer 22

1. Receives food and mixes it with saliva during mastication.
2. Bolus is formed.

Question 23

Ruminant stomach is found in?

Answer 23

Cattle, sheep, goats, and llamas.

Question 24

The small intestines is the major site of____ and_____.

Answer 24

digestion and absorption

Question 25

Palatal surface

Answer 25

The inner surface of the upper teeth.

Question 26

G cells are found in the….?

Answer 26

Stomach.

Question 27

Which cranial nerve stimulates the stomach?

Answer 27

Vagus nerve.

Question 28

What does prehension mean?

Answer 28

Grasping of food with lips or teeth.

Question 29

What is a dilated esophagus called?

Answer 29

megaesophagus

Question 30

The elium is part of the small intestines? T or F

Answer 30

False. The Ilium is part of the small intestines, where as the Elium is part of the bony pelvis.

Question 31

What 3 categories are carbohydrates divded into?

Answer 31

Sugars, starches, cellulose

Question 32

Where is glucagon produced in?

Answer 32

The pancreas

Question 33

What does unsaturated fatty acids include?

Answer 33

monounsaturated and polyunsturated fats