Digestive Flashcards
What are the contractions that move food along the digestive tract called?
Peristalsis (peristaltic contractions)
What enzyme is found the saliva of omnivores, but not in the saliva of carnivores?
Amylase
What sphincter seperates the stomach from the small intestine?
Pylorus (pyloric sphincter)
What are the basic functions of the digestive tract?
- Prehension (grasping) of food with the lips or teeth. 2. Mastication, the mechanical grinding and breaking down of food. 3. Chemical digestion of food 4. Absorption of nutrients and water 5. Elimination of wastes.
What is the difference between peristaltic contractions and segmental contractions?
Peristaltic contractions move contents along the digestive tract. Segmental contractions cause back-and-forth mixing movements of the digestive tract contents.
What are digestive enzymes?
Proteins that promote the chemical reactions that split complex food molecules up into simpler compounds.
How many teeth do canines have (deciduous and adult)?
Deciduous: 28
Adult: 42
What are the 5 parts of a monogastric stomach?
Cardia, Fundus, Body, Pyloric Antrum, Pylorus
What are the functions of Prostaglandins E and I?
Reduce stomach’s hydrochloric acid production and stimulate production of the protective mucous layer within the stomach.
3 segments of the small intestine
duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
Name the layers that makes up the GI wall
1) the mucosa, the lining layer
2) the submucosa, beneath the mucosa
3) the thick muscle layer, outside the submucosa
4) the serosa, outermost layer
The muscles that make the digestive tube
skeletsl muscles and smooth muscle
what are rugae?
multiple long folds in the stomach, commonly seen on endoscopic exam
Breaks in the suface of mucous and in the underlying mucousa are called erisions. What are deep erosions called?
Gastric Ulcers
what organ is both an exocrine and endocrine gland that is associated with the digestive system?
pancreas
What is a blood protein that the liver provides a major source of?
albumin
What cells in the pancreas produce glucagon?
alpha cells
Glucose gets stored as glycogen in the liver by a process called…
glycogenesis
mechanical digestion is known as
mastication
the gallbladder is a storage compartment for what ?
bile
the liver is the major source of what blood protein?
albumin
What does the mouth do?
- Receives food and mixes it with saliva during mastication.
- Bolus is formed.
Ruminant stomach is found in?
Cattle, sheep, goats, and llamas.
The small intestines is the major site of____ and_____.
digestion and absorption
Palatal surface
The inner surface of the upper teeth.
G cells are found in the….?
Stomach.
Which cranial nerve stimulates the stomach?
Vagus nerve.
What does prehension mean?
Grasping of food with lips or teeth.
What is a dilated esophagus called?
megaesophagus
The elium is part of the small intestines? T or F
False. The Ilium is part of the small intestines, where as the Elium is part of the bony pelvis.
What 3 categories are carbohydrates divded into?
Sugars, starches, cellulose
Where is glucagon produced in?
The pancreas
What does unsaturated fatty acids include?
monounsaturated and polyunsturated fats
