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Anatomy & Physiology > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

Where is gastrin produced and what does it act on?

A

The stomach wall

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2
Q

Erythropoeitin is secreted by which organ?

A

Kidney

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3
Q

Where does the pineal gland play a role in?

A

Regulation of body rythyms

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4
Q

Hormone that encourages follicles to develope in the ovaries

A

FSH

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4
Q

synthesis of proteins is an example of?

A

Anabolism

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6
Q

Glucagon is produced by which organ?

A

Pancreas

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7
Q

What links the hypothalmus to the anterior pituitary gland?

A

A system of tiny blood vessels called a Portal System

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7
Q

Thyroid hormone is actually what two hormones?

A

T3 (Triiodothyronine) & T4 (Tetraiodothyronine)

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9
Q

Which hormone encourages excess calcium to be deposited in the bones?

A

Calcitonin

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10
Q

Diabetes mellitus is caused by a deficiency of which hormone?

A

Insulin

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10
Q

What can an overdose of insulin cause?

A

Hypoglycemia

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12
Q

What are the two targets for oxytocin?

A

The uterus and mammary glands.

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12
Q

Difference between endocrine and exocrine glands

A

Endocrine-secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream

Exocrine-secrete their product onto epithelial surfaces through tiny tubes (ducts)

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13
Q

What does the GH help regulate?

A

metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids in all body’s cells

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14
Q

What does negative feedbacks systems control?

A

Hormone secretion

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16
Q

Basic unit of the endocrine system

A

endocrine glands

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17
Q

what does the hormone prolactin do?

A

helps trigger and maintain lactation

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18
Q

What 3 groups of hormones are produced in the adrenal cortex

A

Glucocorticoid hormones

Mineralocorticoid hormones

Sex hormones

19
Q

What is calcitonin ? and where is it produced ?

A

Hormone that prevents the level of calcium in the blood from getting to high. it is produced in the thyroid gland

20
Q

What is the Calorigenic effect?

A

Thyroid hormones that help heat the body.

21
Q

What hormones are produced in the anterior pituitary?

A

GH, Prolactin, TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH, MSH

22
Q

What does parathyroid hormone do?

A

Maintains homeostasis by preventing Hypocalcemia.

23
Q

What hormone helps regulate the body’s metabolic rate?

A

Thyroid Hormone

24
Q

Calcitonin helps regulate what?

A

Blood calcium levels

24
Q

What is the difference between epinephrine and norepinephrine?

A

Epinephrine is short acting and norepinephrine Similar Hormones related to “Fight or Flight” of the ANS Increased HR, BP, blood flow, output Decrease GI activity Increased BG Bronchioles dilate Pupils dilate

25
Q

What three hormones are produced by the thyroid gland?

A
  1. T3
  2. T4
  3. Calcitonin
26
Q

Two other names for the pituitary gland

A

1.) Hypophysis 2.) master endocrine gland

27
Q

What are hormones

A

Chemical messengers of the body that are produced and excreted by specific cells for the purpose of regulating specific organs or cells.

28
Q

What is fight-or-flight?

A

A whole-body response resulting from a animal feeling threatened that prepares the body for intense physical activity. It results from a combination of direct sympathetic nerve stimulation and the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine into the blood stream from the medulla of the adrenal gland. effects the body include increased heart rate and out put, increase blood pressure, dilated air passageways in the lungs, and decreased gastrointestinal function.

29
Q

What organ has both exocrine and endocrine functions

A

The pancreas

30
Q

What hormone affects moods and wake-sleep cycle

A

Melatonin

31
Q

Mineralocorticoid hormones target what organ?

A

Kidneys

32
Q

What gland produces glucagon, & androgens

A

Testis

33
Q

What are the 7 anterior pituitary hormones?

A

GH, Prolactin, TSH, FSH, LH, ACTH and MSH

33
Q

What 3 main hormone groups does the adrenal cortex produce?

A

Glucocorticoids, Mineralocorticoids and Sex Hormones

34
Q

What has both exocrine and endocrine functions?

A

The Pancreas

38
Q

what are the 4 chemical hormone groups?

A

  1. peptides and proteins, 2. steroids, 3. amino acid derivatives, 4. fatty acid derivatives
39
Q

what is another name for Thyroid Simulating Hormone?

A

Thyrotrophic Hormone

40
Q

What is often reffered to as the master endocrine gland?

A

The pituitary gland

41
Q

What does TSH do?

A

stimulate growth and development of the thyroid gland and cause it to produce it’s hormones

41
Q

What is another name for parathyroid hormone?

A

Parathormone

42
Q

The hypothalamus produces what two hormones?

A

ADH and oxytocin

43
Q

The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that is attaches to what?

A

the hypothalamus

44
Q

The hypothalamus is a part of the ________ of the brain.

A

diencephalon

Anatomy & Physiology (15 decks)

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