Endocrine Flashcards
Where is gastrin produced and what does it act on?
The stomach wall
Erythropoeitin is secreted by which organ?
Kidney
Where does the pineal gland play a role in?
Regulation of body rythyms
Hormone that encourages follicles to develope in the ovaries
FSH
synthesis of proteins is an example of?
Anabolism
Glucagon is produced by which organ?
Pancreas
What links the hypothalmus to the anterior pituitary gland?
A system of tiny blood vessels called a Portal System
Thyroid hormone is actually what two hormones?
T3 (Triiodothyronine) & T4 (Tetraiodothyronine)
Which hormone encourages excess calcium to be deposited in the bones?
Calcitonin
Diabetes mellitus is caused by a deficiency of which hormone?
Insulin
What can an overdose of insulin cause?
Hypoglycemia
What are the two targets for oxytocin?
The uterus and mammary glands.
Difference between endocrine and exocrine glands
Endocrine-secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream
Exocrine-secrete their product onto epithelial surfaces through tiny tubes (ducts)
What does the GH help regulate?
metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids in all body’s cells
What does negative feedbacks systems control?
Hormone secretion
Basic unit of the endocrine system
endocrine glands
what does the hormone prolactin do?
helps trigger and maintain lactation
What 3 groups of hormones are produced in the adrenal cortex
Glucocorticoid hormones
Mineralocorticoid hormones
Sex hormones
What is calcitonin ? and where is it produced ?
Hormone that prevents the level of calcium in the blood from getting to high. it is produced in the thyroid gland
What is the Calorigenic effect?
Thyroid hormones that help heat the body.
What hormones are produced in the anterior pituitary?
GH, Prolactin, TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH, MSH
What does parathyroid hormone do?
Maintains homeostasis by preventing Hypocalcemia.
What hormone helps regulate the body’s metabolic rate?
Thyroid Hormone
Calcitonin helps regulate what?
Blood calcium levels
What is the difference between epinephrine and norepinephrine?
Epinephrine is short acting and norepinephrine Similar Hormones related to “Fight or Flight” of the ANS Increased HR, BP, blood flow, output Decrease GI activity Increased BG Bronchioles dilate Pupils dilate
What three hormones are produced by the thyroid gland?
- T3
- T4
- Calcitonin
Two other names for the pituitary gland
1.) Hypophysis 2.) master endocrine gland
What are hormones
Chemical messengers of the body that are produced and excreted by specific cells for the purpose of regulating specific organs or cells.
What is fight-or-flight?
A whole-body response resulting from a animal feeling threatened that prepares the body for intense physical activity. It results from a combination of direct sympathetic nerve stimulation and the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine into the blood stream from the medulla of the adrenal gland. effects the body include increased heart rate and out put, increase blood pressure, dilated air passageways in the lungs, and decreased gastrointestinal function.
What organ has both exocrine and endocrine functions
The pancreas
What hormone affects moods and wake-sleep cycle
Melatonin
Mineralocorticoid hormones target what organ?
Kidneys
What gland produces glucagon, & androgens
Testis
What are the 7 anterior pituitary hormones?
GH, Prolactin, TSH, FSH, LH, ACTH and MSH
What 3 main hormone groups does the adrenal cortex produce?
Glucocorticoids, Mineralocorticoids and Sex Hormones
What has both exocrine and endocrine functions?
The Pancreas
what are the 4 chemical hormone groups?
- peptides and proteins, 2. steroids, 3. amino acid derivatives, 4. fatty acid derivatives
what is another name for Thyroid Simulating Hormone?
Thyrotrophic Hormone
What is often reffered to as the master endocrine gland?
The pituitary gland
What does TSH do?
stimulate growth and development of the thyroid gland and cause it to produce it’s hormones
What is another name for parathyroid hormone?
Parathormone
The hypothalamus produces what two hormones?
ADH and oxytocin
The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that is attaches to what?
the hypothalamus
The hypothalamus is a part of the ________ of the brain.
diencephalon
