Nervous Flashcards
transmission of an impulse from one neuron to the next is called…
Synaptic transmission
Acetycholine and norepinephrine are examples of?
Neurotransmitters
What do somatic reflexes involve?
Contraction of skeletal muscles
Signals are transmitted from one nerve to another via?
Neurotransmitters
Deep grooves in the cerebrum
Fissures
The three layers of the meninges.
- Dura Mater
- Arachnoid
- Pia Matter
Shallow grooves in the cerebrum
Sulci
What are the three parts of the brain stem?
- Midbrain
- Pons
- Medulla Oblongata
What are the three main activities of the nervous system?
- Sensory Functions
- Integrating Functions
- Motor Functions
What state is a neuron in when it is not being stimulated?
Resting state
What is a synapse?
The junction between two neurons or a neuron and a target cell.
What is the second largest component of the brain?
Cerebellum
what are the two main divisions of the nervous systems
peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the central nervous systems (CNS)
what ions are involved in nerve conduction
sodium and potassium
which area of the brain is responsible for higher order functions
cerebrum
What is the name of the fibers that connects the two halves of the cerebral cortex?
Corpus callosum
Which system is voluntary control of skeletal muscles in?
Somatic nervous system
The small gaps in the myelin sheath between the glial cells is called?
Nodes of Ranvier
What does the cerebellum allows the body to do?
coordinated movement, balance, posture and complex reflexes
What is the connection between the rest of the brain and the spinal cord ?
Brain stem
What conducts nerve impulses away from the CNS?
Efferent nerves
What does the tightly capillary wall and additional glial cell membranes prevents?
drugs, proteins, ions and other molecules from passinf from the blood into the brain
What’s the sympathetic nervous system often called
fight or flight system
What part of the nervous system that controls smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and endocrine glands automatically without conscious control.
Automatic nervous system
Which Cranial nerves are motor nerves
CN III-Oculomotor
CN IV-Trochlear
CN VI-Abducent
CN XI-Accessory
CN XII-Hypoglossal
Which cranial nerves are both sensory and motor nerves
CN V- Trigeminal
CN VII- Facial
CN IX-Vestibulocochlear
X-Vagus
The ________ is often covered by a fatty substance called _______
Axons & myelin
What is depolarization?
Refers to the opening of the sodium channesl and the sudden influx of many sodium ions into the cell.
______ is located in the cell membrane and actively pumps NA out and K ions in to the neuron.
Sodium-potassium pump
Where is grey matter located?
Outer layer of the brain and center of the spinal cord
What is the withdrawal reflex also called?
Flexor reflex
What type of nerve is the Olfactory?
Sensory
What is the primary neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Acetylcholine
Where is white matter located?
The outer part of the spinal chord and the inner part of the brain
Axons conduct nerve impulses ______ from the cell body toward another neuron or an _________.
away, effector cell
What does cerebrospinal fluid do?
Provides cushioning and may regulate autonomic functions (i.e. respiration, vomiting)
The CNS is composed of
the brain, and spinal cord
Which neurotransmitter can be either excitatory or inhibitory depending on location
Acetylcholine
What do Afferent nerves do
conduct nerve impulses toward the CNS
Which cranial nerves are sensory nerves
CN I - Olfactory
CN II- Optic
VIII-Vestibulocochlear
