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Anatomy & Physiology > Nervous > Flashcards

Nervous Flashcards

1
Q

transmission of an impulse from one neuron to the next is called…

A

Synaptic transmission

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1
Q

Acetycholine and norepinephrine are examples of?

A

Neurotransmitters

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2
Q

What do somatic reflexes involve?

A

Contraction of skeletal muscles

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3
Q

Signals are transmitted from one nerve to another via?

A

Neurotransmitters

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3
Q

Deep grooves in the cerebrum

A

Fissures

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4
Q

The three layers of the meninges.

A
  1. Dura Mater
  2. Arachnoid
  3. Pia Matter
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4
Q

Shallow grooves in the cerebrum

A

Sulci

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5
Q

What are the three parts of the brain stem?

A
  1. Midbrain
  2. Pons
  3. Medulla Oblongata
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6
Q

What are the three main activities of the nervous system?

A
  1. Sensory Functions
  2. Integrating Functions
  3. Motor Functions
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6
Q

What state is a neuron in when it is not being stimulated?

A

Resting state

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7
Q

What is a synapse?

A

The junction between two neurons or a neuron and a target cell.

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7
Q

What is the second largest component of the brain?

A

Cerebellum

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10
Q

what are the two main divisions of the nervous systems

A

peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the central nervous systems (CNS)

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11
Q

what ions are involved in nerve conduction

A

sodium and potassium

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12
Q

which area of the brain is responsible for higher order functions

A

cerebrum

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14
Q

What is the name of the fibers that connects the two halves of the cerebral cortex?

A

Corpus callosum

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16
Q

Which system is voluntary control of skeletal muscles in?

A

Somatic nervous system

17
Q

The small gaps in the myelin sheath between the glial cells is called?

A

Nodes of Ranvier

18
Q

What does the cerebellum allows the body to do?

A

coordinated movement, balance, posture and complex reflexes

19
Q

What is the connection between the rest of the brain and the spinal cord ?

A

Brain stem

20
Q

What conducts nerve impulses away from the CNS?

A

Efferent nerves

20
Q

What does the tightly capillary wall and additional glial cell membranes prevents?

A

drugs, proteins, ions and other molecules from passinf from the blood into the brain

21
Q

What’s the sympathetic nervous system often called

A

fight or flight system

22
Q

What part of the nervous system that controls smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and endocrine glands automatically without conscious control.

A

Automatic nervous system

23
Q

Which Cranial nerves are motor nerves

A

CN III-Oculomotor

CN IV-Trochlear

CN VI-Abducent

CN XI-Accessory

CN XII-Hypoglossal

25
Q

Which cranial nerves are both sensory and motor nerves

A

CN V- Trigeminal

CN VII- Facial

CN IX-Vestibulocochlear

X-Vagus

26
Q

The ________ is often covered by a fatty substance called _______

A

Axons & myelin

27
Q

What is depolarization?

A

Refers to the opening of the sodium channesl and the sudden influx of many sodium ions into the cell.

28
Q

______ is located in the cell membrane and actively pumps NA out and K ions in to the neuron.

A

Sodium-potassium pump

29
Q

Where is grey matter located?

A

Outer layer of the brain and center of the spinal cord

30
Q

What is the withdrawal reflex also called?

A

Flexor reflex

31
Q

What type of nerve is the Olfactory?

A

Sensory

32
Q

What is the primary neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

Acetylcholine

34
Q

Where is white matter located?

A

The outer part of the spinal chord and the inner part of the brain

35
Q

Axons conduct nerve impulses ______ from the cell body toward another neuron or an _________.

A

away, effector cell

36
Q

What does cerebrospinal fluid do?

A

Provides cushioning and may regulate autonomic functions (i.e. respiration, vomiting)

37
Q

The CNS is composed of

A

the brain, and spinal cord

38
Q

Which neurotransmitter can be either excitatory or inhibitory depending on location

A

Acetylcholine

39
Q

What do Afferent nerves do

A

conduct nerve impulses toward the CNS

40
Q

Which cranial nerves are sensory nerves

A

CN I - Olfactory

CN II- Optic

VIII-Vestibulocochlear

Anatomy & Physiology (15 decks)

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