Lymph and Immunity Flashcards
What are pre-T cells in the thymus called?
thymocytes
Immunoglobulin that can leave blood and enter tissue fluids. It plays an important role in preventing diseases caused by antigens that may enter the body through mucosal surfaces.
IgA
What is the function of plasma cells?
To produce, store, and release antibodies
What is an interferon?
Protein produced by a cell after it has been infected by a virus
What does red pulp consist of?
Blood vessels, tissue macrophages, and blood storage spaces (sinuses)
General term for the formation of white blood cells
Leukopoiesis
What is the primary source of passive immunity in veterinary medicine?
Colostrum
What pushes lymph back towards the heart?
Body Movement
What is the function of memory cells?
They wait for a second infection of the same antigen that originally caused their formation. The immune response is more rapid the second time the body is exposed to the antigen.
What is the IgE antibody associated with?
Allergic response
Which is the first antibody that is produced when an animal is exposed to an antigen?
IgM
Which antibody arrives after IgM but stays at the site longer?
IgG
5 types of immunoglobulins (Ig)
IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE, and IgD
The 2 types of specific immunity
cell-mediated immunnity and humoral immunity
Cell type involved in humoral immune response
B cells that transform into plasma cells after antigen stimulation
which type of white blood cell is incapable of phagocytosis
Lymphocytes
what type of cells are memory cells
T cells
B cells
what lymphoid organ is full size at birth. then gets smaller with age
Thymus
Lymph fluid re-enters the bloodstream via what large lymph vessel near the heart?
Thoracic duct.
What organs are part of the lymphatic system?
Lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsils, and gut associated lymph tissue(GALT)
what are the 4 primary functions of the lymphatic system?
Removal of excess tissue fluid, waste material transport, filtration of lymph, and protein transport,
What provides a rapid response to foreign invaders?
Nonspecific Immunity
What is Cell-Mediated Immunity?
The function of T cells that attach to antigenic sites on the surfaces of foreign cells.
What are Suppressor T Cells?
These cells inhibit helper T cell and cytotoxic T cells function by negative feedback. They prevent B cells from transforming into plasma cells.
What is special about cells in the white pulp of the spleen.
They can clone themselves during an immune response.
What does GALT satnd for?
Gut associated lymph tissue.
What are tonsils?
noduals of lymphoid tissue that are not covered with a capsule.
What type of white blood cell is this
monocyte
What is active immunity
Activation of the immune system by administration of a vaccine that contains a modified antigen or exposure to the antigen.
What is passive immunity
administering antibodies that weren’t produced by the animals own immune system.
Lymphocytes
B-Cells and T-Cells
What type of cell is this?
Neutrophil
Agranulocytes
Monocytes, Lymphocytes
Granulocytes
Neutrophils, Basophils, Eosinophils
What is lymph filtered by?
Lymph Nodes
Which part of the spleen acts as reservoir for blood?
Red Pulp
T- Lymphocytes are produced in the __ and mature in the ___.
Bone Marrow and Thymus
What are the two types of immune response?
Specific and Nonspecific
what does chemotaxis do?
Uses chemicals to attract neutrophils to the site of an infection
What are lymphokines?
Chemical messengers secreted by T cells - also called cytokines
On the way to the thoracic duct, lymph vessels pass through at least one lymph node and pick up what?
Lymphocytes
What is the Lymph from the digestive tract called?
Chyle
Where is GALT located?
the lining of the intestine
What type of white blood cell is this
Basophil
What white blood cell is this?
Eosinophil
What type of white blood cell is this?
Basophil
What type of WBC is this?
Monocyte
