Respiratory 1

Question 1

match the following structures to their locations:

Nasal conchae
Eustachian tube
Glottis

Answer 1

nasal cavity
nasopharynx
larynx

Question 2

What does the epiglottis do?

a. Closes over the larynx during swallowing
b. protects the tracheal cartilages
c. keeps the trachea open during swallowing
d. produces sound

Answer 2

a. Closes over the larynx during swallowing

Question 3

Which respiratory cartilage is a full-circle (and thus can be pressed on to close the esophagus)?

Answer 3

cricoid cartilage

Question 4

How many primary bronchi are there?

Answer 4

2

Question 5

How many secondary bronchi are there?

Answer 5

5

Question 6

Sympathetic stimulation causes _____ of the bronchioles, which is why people severely allergic to bee stings might carry an Epinephrine (Epi) pen.

Answer 6

dilation

Question 7

Bronchitis causes ______ of the bronchi, whereas asthma causes _____ of the bronchioles, although both can restrict the ability to breathe.

Answer 7

inflammation; constriction

Question 8

Besides highly-branched air passageways, the lungs contain highly-branched:

Answer 8

blood vessels

Question 9

What are the primary functions of these cells that make up the respiratory epithelium:

a. Type I :
b. Type II (septal cells):
c. Alveolar macrophages:

Answer 9

a. make up the alveolar walls
b. produce surfactant
c. clean up debris

Question 10

Changes in bronchiole diameter are called:

Answer 10

bronchodilation; bronchoconstriction

Question 11

Match the following to their major functions in the lungs: Chloride (Cl-) Surfactant Mucus

1. Moistens mucus:
2. Reduces surface tension on alveoli:
3. Traps pathogens:

Answer 11

1. Chloride (Cl-)
2. Surfactant
3. Mucus

Question 12

Select, in order, the components of the respiratory membrane:

Lumen of alveoli –> [a] [b] [c] –> lumen of capillary

simple squamous epithelium, shared basement membrane, endothelium

Answer 12

a. simple squamous epithelium
b. shared basement membrane
c. endothelium

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the location of the respiratory mucosa?

a. the conducting portion
b. the respiratory portion
c. the upper portion
d. the lower portion

Answer 13

a. the conducting portion

Question 14

Describe the pressure: relative to the outside air:
intra-pleural pressure: [a]
intra-pulmonary pressure: [b]

Answer 14

a. less than 1 atm

b. about 1 atm

Question 15

a regular breath is called: Tidal Volume

a. Tidal Volume
b. Inspiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
c. Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
d. Vital Capacity (or FVC)

Answer 15

a. Tidal Volume

Question 16

amount of air inhaled after a regular breath:

a. Tidal Volume
b. Inspiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
c. Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
d. Vital Capacity (or FVC)

Answer 16

b. Inspiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)

Question 17

amount of air exhaled after a regular breath:

a. Tidal Volume
b. Inspiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
c. Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
d. Vital Capacity (or FVC)

Answer 17

c. Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)

Question 18

the sum of (all of the above) a regular breath, amount of air inhaled after a regular breath, and the amount of air exhaled after a regular breath is called?

a. Tidal Volume
b. Inspiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
c. Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
d. Vital Capacity (or FVC)

Answer 18

d. Vital Capacity (or FVC)

Question 19

the amount of air a patient can exhale in 1 second:

Answer 19

FEV1

Question 20

How many O2 molecules can one molecule of hemoglobin bind?

Answer 20

4